महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-204, verse-14

सरजस्कोऽरजस्कश्च स वै वायुर्यथा भवेत् ।
तथैतदन्तरं विद्यात्क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्बुधः ।
अभ्यासात्स तथा युक्तो न गच्छेत्प्रकृतिं पुनः ॥१४॥

14. sarajasko'rajaskaśca sa vai vāyuryathā bhavet ,
tathaitadantaraṁ vidyātkṣetrakṣetrajñayorbudhaḥ ,
abhyāsātsa tathā yukto na gacchetprakṛtiṁ punaḥ.

14. sarajaskaḥ arajaskaḥ ca sa vai vāyuḥ
yathā bhavet tathā etat antaram vidyāt
kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ budhaḥ abhyāsāt sa
tathā yuktaḥ na gacchet prakṛtim punaḥ

14. yathā sa vai vāyuḥ sarajaskaḥ ca arajaskaḥ bhavet,
tathā budhaḥ kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ etat antaram vidyāt saḥ abhyāsāt tathā yuktaḥ punaḥ prakṛtim na gacchet

14. Just as the wind (vāyu) can be both laden with dust (sarajaska) and free of dust (arajaska), so too should a wise person (budha) discern this distinction between the field (kṣetra) and the knower of the field (kṣetrajña). Through consistent practice (abhyāsa), such a disciplined one (yukta) does not return to material nature (prakṛti) again.

Words meanings summery:

• सरजस्कः (sarajaskaḥ) - laden with dust (dusty, with rajas, passionate)

• अरजस्कः (arajaskaḥ) - free of dust (dustless, without rajas)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• स (sa) - that (wind) (he, that)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (verily, indeed)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - the wind (vāyu) (wind, air)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - can be (may be, should be)

• तथा (tathā) - so too, similarly (so, similarly)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• अन्तरम् (antaram) - this distinction (difference, distinction)

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should understand/discern (should know, may know)

• क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञयोः (kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ) - between the field (kṣetra) and the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) (of the field and the knower of the field)

• बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person (budha) (wise person, enlightened one)

• अभ्यासात् (abhyāsāt) - through dedicated practice (abhyāsa) (from practice, through repetition)

• स (sa) - such a one, he (he, that)

• तथा (tathā) - such (thus, in that way)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - disciplined, united with the self (ātman) (joined, united, disciplined, concentrated)

• न (na) - not

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - does return (should go, may go)

• प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - material nature (prakṛti) (nature, material nature, primordial matter)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew)

Words meanings and morphology

सरजस्कः (sarajaskaḥ) - laden with dust (dusty, with rajas, passionate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarajaska

sarajaska - having rajas, dusty, passionate

From 'sa-rajas' + suffix 'ka'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+rajas)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• rajas – passion, activity, dust, impurity
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'vāyuḥ'.

अरजस्कः (arajaskaḥ) - free of dust (dustless, without rajas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arajaska

arajaska - without rajas, dustless

From 'a-rajas' + suffix 'ka'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+rajas)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• rajas – passion, activity, dust, impurity
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'vāyuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'sarajaskaḥ' and 'arajaskaḥ'.

स (sa) - that (wind) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular.

Note: Refers to 'vāyuḥ'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (verily, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - the wind (vāyu) (wind, air)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, god of wind

From root 'vā' (to blow).

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as)

(indeclinable)

Correlative particle.

भवेत् (bhavet) - can be (may be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative active, 3rd person singular

From root 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - so too, similarly (so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Correlative particle.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Object of 'vidyāt'.

अन्तरम् (antaram) - this distinction (difference, distinction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - difference, interval, distinction, interior

Note: Object of 'vidyāt'.

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should understand/discern (should know, may know)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vid

Optative active, 3rd person singular

From root 'vid' (to know), 7th class.

Root: vid (class 7)

Note: Subject is 'budhaḥ'.

क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञयोः (kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ) - between the field (kṣetra) and the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) (of the field and the knower of the field)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of kṣetra-kṣetrajña

kṣetra-kṣetrajña - the field and the knower of the field

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (kṣetra+kṣetrajña)

• kṣetra – field, body, area of activity
  noun (neuter)
• kṣetrajña – knower of the field, the soul, the individual spirit, consciousness
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'kṣetra' (field, body) and 'jña' (knower).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Expresses the relationship for which 'antaram' (difference) is stated.

बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person (budha) (wise person, enlightened one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, enlightened; a wise person

From root 'budh' (to awaken, know).

Root: budh (class 1)

अभ्यासात् (abhyāsāt) - through dedicated practice (abhyāsa) (from practice, through repetition)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of abhyāsa

abhyāsa - practice, repetition, study, spiritual exercise

From 'abhi-as' (to throw, repeat).

Prefix: abhi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Indicates means or cause.

स (sa) - such a one, he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular.

Note: Refers to the 'yuktaḥ' (disciplined one).

तथा (tathā) - such (thus, in that way)

(indeclinable)

Correlative particle.

Note: Modifies 'yuktaḥ'.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - disciplined, united with the self (ātman) (joined, united, disciplined, concentrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, united, concentrated, diligent, disciplined, composed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yuj' (to join, to yoke, to concentrate) with suffix '-ta'.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'sa'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'gacchet'.

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - does return (should go, may go)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of gam

Optative active, 3rd person singular

From root 'gam' (to go), 1st class.

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - material nature (prakṛti) (nature, material nature, primordial matter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, original form, material cause, primordial matter

From 'pra-kṛ' (to make, to create).

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'gacchet'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.