दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-10, verse-19
नियुद्धं खे तदा दैत्यश्चण्डिका च परस्परम् ।
चक्रतुः प्रथमं सिद्धमुनिविस्मयकारकम् ॥१९॥
चक्रतुः प्रथमं सिद्धमुनिविस्मयकारकम् ॥१९॥
19. niyuddhaṃ khe tadā daityaścaṇḍikā ca parasparam .
cakratuḥ prathamaṃ siddhamunivismayakārakam.
cakratuḥ prathamaṃ siddhamunivismayakārakam.
19.
niyuddham khe tadā daityaḥ caṇḍikā ca parasparam
cakratuḥ prathamam siddhamunivismayakārakam
cakratuḥ prathamam siddhamunivismayakārakam
19.
Then, in the sky, the demon and Caṇḍikā engaged in mutual close combat, which initially caused astonishment to the Siddhas and Munis.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नियुद्धम् (niyuddham) - close combat, wrestling, struggle
- खे (khe) - in the sky, in the air
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
- दैत्यः (daityaḥ) - Refers to Śumbha. (demon, son of Diti)
- चण्डिका (caṇḍikā) - The goddess Durgā in her fierce form. (Chandi, the fierce goddess)
- च (ca) - and, also
- परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, reciprocally, with each other
- चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - They two engaged in. (they two did, they two made, they two performed)
- प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, initially, at first
- सिद्धमुनिविस्मयकारकम् (siddhamunivismayakārakam) - causing astonishment to Siddhas and Munis
Words meanings and morphology
नियुद्धम् (niyuddham) - close combat, wrestling, struggle
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of niyuddha
niyuddha - close combat, wrestling, struggle
From 'ni-yudh' (to fight)
Prefix: ni
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Object of 'cakratuḥ'.
खे (khe) - in the sky, in the air
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kha
kha - sky, space, air, ether
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
Adverb derived from 'tad' (that).
दैत्यः (daityaḥ) - Refers to Śumbha. (demon, son of Diti)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daitya
daitya - demon (son of Diti), Titan
Patronymic from 'Diti'.
Note: Subject of 'cakratuḥ'.
चण्डिका (caṇḍikā) - The goddess Durgā in her fierce form. (Chandi, the fierce goddess)
(proper noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of caṇḍikā
caṇḍikā - the fierce one, an epithet of Durgā
Diminutive of 'caṇḍī' (fierce, passionate).
Note: Subject of 'cakratuḥ'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
Note: Connects 'daityaḥ' and 'caṇḍikā'.
परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, reciprocally, with each other
(indeclinable)
Adverb
चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - They two engaged in. (they two did, they two made, they two performed)
(verb)
3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ
Perfect Active
3rd person dual, perfect tense, active voice. Reduplicated form of the root.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Subjects are 'daityaḥ' and 'caṇḍikā'.
प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, initially, at first
(indeclinable)
Superlative form of 'pra' (foremost). Can act as an adverb in neuter accusative singular.
Root: prath (class 1)
Note: Acts adverbially here.
सिद्धमुनिविस्मयकारकम् (siddhamunivismayakārakam) - causing astonishment to Siddhas and Munis
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of siddhamunivismayakāraka
siddhamunivismayakāraka - causing astonishment to Siddhas and Munis
Tatpurusha compound.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siddha+muni+vismaya+kāraka)
- siddha – perfected being, accomplished one, semi-divine sage
noun (masculine)
Past Passive Participle of 'sidh' (to accomplish) used as a noun.
Root: sidh (class 1) - muni – sage, ascetic, inspired person
noun (masculine)
Root: man (class 4) - vismaya – astonishment, wonder, surprise
noun (masculine)
From 'vi-smi' (to wonder).
Prefix: vi
Root: smi (class 1) - kāraka – causing, making, producer, agent
adjective (masculine)
Agent Noun
From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) + suffix 'ṇvul'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies 'niyuddham'.