भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-29, verse-2
समासीनानभ्यगच्छद्ब्रह्मर्षीन्संशितव्रतान् ।
विनयावनतो भूत्वा कदाचित्सूतनन्दनः ॥२॥
विनयावनतो भूत्वा कदाचित्सूतनन्दनः ॥२॥
2. samāsīnānabhyagacchadbrahmarṣīnsaṁśitavratān ,
vinayāvanato bhūtvā kadācitsūtanandanaḥ.
vinayāvanato bhūtvā kadācitsūtanandanaḥ.
2.
samāsīnān abhyagacchat brahmarṣīn saṃśitavratān
vinayāvanataḥ bhūtvā kadācit sūtanandanaḥ
vinayāvanataḥ bhūtvā kadācit sūtanandanaḥ
2.
One day, the Sūta's son (Ugraśravas) humbly approached those Brahmin sages (Brahmaṛṣis) who were seated there, strict in their vows.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- समासीनान् (samāsīnān) - referring to the sages (Brahmaṛṣis) who were seated (seated, assembled)
- अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - Ugraśravas approached the sages (he approached, he went towards)
- ब्रह्मर्षीन् (brahmarṣīn) - referring to the great sages present at Śaunaka's sacrifice (Brahmin sages)
- संशितव्रतान् (saṁśitavratān) - describing the sages' commitment to their ascetic practices (having firm vows, strict in observances)
- विनयावनतः (vinayāvanataḥ) - referring to Ugraśravas' respectful demeanor (bowed down with humility)
- भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - indicating the state of humility before approaching (having become, having been)
- कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, sometime, at some time
- सूतनन्दनः (sūtanandanaḥ) - Ugraśravas, the Sūta's son (son of Sūta)
Words meanings and morphology
समासीनान् (samāsīnān) - referring to the sages (Brahmaṛṣis) who were seated (seated, assembled)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of samāsīna
samāsīna - seated together, assembled, sitting
Past Active Participle
Formed from root ās (to sit) with upasargas sam- and ā-.
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: ās (class 2)
Note: Agrees with brahmarṣīn.
अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - Ugraśravas approached the sages (he approached, he went towards)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhigam
Imperfect tense
3rd person singular, active voice, imperfect tense (laṅ), from root gam (to go) with upasarga abhi-. The initial 'a' is the augment for imperfect tense.
Prefix: abhi
Root: gam (class 1)
ब्रह्मर्षीन् (brahmarṣīn) - referring to the great sages present at Śaunaka's sacrifice (Brahmin sages)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of brahmarṣi
brahmarṣi - a Brahmin sage, a sage of the highest class
Compound type : karmadhāraya (brahman+ṛṣi)
- brahman – Brahman (ultimate reality), a Brahmin, sacred knowledge
noun (neuter) - ṛṣi – sage, seer
noun (masculine)
Root: ṛṣ
संशितव्रतान् (saṁśitavratān) - describing the sages' commitment to their ascetic practices (having firm vows, strict in observances)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃśitavrata
saṁśitavrata - one who has undertaken firm vows, strict in observances
Compound of saṃśita (sharpened, firm) and vrata (vow, observance).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃśita+vrata)
- saṃśita – sharpened, firm, resolute, strict
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root śi (to sharpen) with prefix sam-.
Prefix: sam
Root: śi (class 2) - vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with brahmarṣīn.
विनयावनतः (vinayāvanataḥ) - referring to Ugraśravas' respectful demeanor (bowed down with humility)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vinayāvanata
vinayāvanata - humble, bowed down with modesty
Compound of vinaya (humility, modesty) and avanata (bowed down).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vinaya+avanata)
- vinaya – humility, modesty, discipline
noun (masculine) - avanata – bowed down, stooped, humble
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root nam (to bow) with prefix ava-.
Prefix: ava
Root: nam (class 1)
Note: Agrees with sūtanandanaḥ.
भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - indicating the state of humility before approaching (having become, having been)
(indeclinable)
gerund/absolutive
From root bhū (to be, to become) with -tvā suffix.
Root: bhū (class 1)
कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, sometime, at some time
(indeclinable)
From kadā (when) + cit (an indefinite particle).
सूतनन्दनः (sūtanandanaḥ) - Ugraśravas, the Sūta's son (son of Sūta)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtanandana
sūtanandana - son of a Sūta, delight of a Sūta
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+nandana)
- sūta – charioteer, bard, narrator
noun (masculine)
Root: sū (class 10) - nandana – son, child, delight, gladdening
noun (masculine)
From root nand (to rejoice).
Root: nand (class 1)
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