योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-7, verse-6

श्रृणु सुभग कथां महानुभावा व्यपगतपूर्वशुभाशुभार्गलौघाः ।
खपतितफलवत्परं विवेकं चरमभवा विमलं समश्नुवन्ति ॥ ६ ॥

śrṛṇu subhaga kathāṃ mahānubhāvā vyapagatapūrvaśubhāśubhārgalaughāḥ ,
khapatitaphalavatparaṃ vivekaṃ caramabhavā vimalaṃ samaśnuvanti 6

6. śṛṇu subhaga kathām mahā-anubhāvāḥ
vyapagata-pūrva-śubhāśubha-argala-oghāḥ
| kha-patita-phala-vat param vivekam
carama-bhavāḥ vimalam sam-aśnuvanti

6. subhaga śṛṇu kathām mahā-anubhāvāḥ
vyapagata-pūrva-śubhāśubha-argala-oghāḥ
carama-bhavāḥ kha-patita-phala-vat
param vimalam vivekam sam-aśnuvanti

6. Listen, O fortunate one! Great-souled individuals, whose torrent of obstacles from previous good and bad actions (karma) has disappeared, and who are in their final birth, attain supreme, pure discernment (viveka) as if a fruit had suddenly fallen from the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to this story/teaching) (listen, hear)

• सुभग (subhaga) - O fortunate one (vocative) (O fortunate one, O lovely one, O auspicious one)

• कथाम् (kathām) - (this) story/narrative (story, tale)

• महा-अनुभावाः (mahā-anubhāvāḥ) - noble-minded individuals (great-souled, highly esteemed, magnificent)

• व्यपगत-पूर्व-शुभाशुभ-अर्गल-ओघाः (vyapagata-pūrva-śubhāśubha-argala-oghāḥ) - those whose significant obstructions from past actions (karma), both good and bad, have been removed (whose flood/multitude of previous good and bad (karma) obstacles has vanished)

• ख-पतित-फल-वत् (kha-patita-phala-vat) - similar to a fruit unexpectedly falling from the sky (sudden, effortless) (like a fruit fallen from the sky)

• परम् (param) - supreme, ultimate (supreme, ultimate, excellent)

• विवेकम् (vivekam) - ultimate, pure discrimination (viveka) (discrimination, discernment, wisdom)

• चरम-भवाः (carama-bhavāḥ) - individuals undergoing their final incarnation (prior to liberation) (those in their last birth)

• विमलम् (vimalam) - pure, untainted (pure, spotless, stainless, immaculate)

• सम्-अश्नुवन्ति (sam-aśnuvanti) - they attain, achieve (they attain, reach, obtain)

Words meanings and morphology

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to this story/teaching) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative active

2nd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: śru (class 5)

सुभग (subhaga) - O fortunate one (vocative) (O fortunate one, O lovely one, O auspicious one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of subhaga

subhaga - fortunate, lovely, auspicious, charming, dear

Derived from 'su' (good) + 'bhaga' (fortune).

Prefix: su

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Addresses the interlocutor.

कथाम् (kathām) - (this) story/narrative (story, tale)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, discourse, narration

From root 'kath' (to tell).

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Direct object of 'śṛṇu'. The 'this' is implied from the previous verse.

महा-अनुभावाः (mahā-anubhāvāḥ) - noble-minded individuals (great-souled, highly esteemed, magnificent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahā-anubhāva

mahā-anubhāva - great-souled, highly esteemed, having great power or influence

'mahā' (great) + 'anubhāva' (power, dignity, essence).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+anubhāva)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• anubhāva – power, dignity, nature, majesty, inner feeling
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhū' (to be) with 'anu'.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'samaśnuvanti'.

व्यपगत-पूर्व-शुभाशुभ-अर्गल-ओघाः (vyapagata-pūrva-śubhāśubha-argala-oghāḥ) - those whose significant obstructions from past actions (karma), both good and bad, have been removed (whose flood/multitude of previous good and bad (karma) obstacles has vanished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyapagata-pūrva-śubhāśubha-argala-ogha

vyapagata-pūrva-śubhāśubha-argala-ogha - having the multitude of previous good and bad obstacles removed

Complex bahuvrihi: "those whose ogha (multitude/flood) of argala (obstacles) of pūrva-śubhāśubha (previous good-bad karma) has vyapagata (vanished)".

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vyapagata+pūrva-śubhāśubha-argala-ogha)

• vyapagata – gone away, disappeared, vanished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'vi' and 'apa'.
  Prefixes: vi+apa
  Root: gam (class 1)
• pūrva-śubhāśubha-argala-ogha – flood of obstacles from previous good and bad deeds
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound: 'pūrva-śubhāśubha' (previous good/bad) + 'argala' (obstacle) + 'ogha' (flood).
• pūrva-śubhāśubha – previous good and bad (actions/karma)
  adjective (neuter)
  'pūrva' (previous) + 'śubhāśubha' (good and bad).
• śubhāśubha – good and bad
  noun (neuter)
  'śubha' (good) + 'aśubha' (bad).
  Prefix: a
• argala – bolt, bar, obstacle, impediment
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, stream, multitude, mass
  noun (masculine)
  Root: uh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mahā-anubhāvāḥ' and 'carama-bhavāḥ'.

ख-पतित-फल-वत् (kha-patita-phala-vat) - similar to a fruit unexpectedly falling from the sky (sudden, effortless) (like a fruit fallen from the sky)

(indeclinable)

'kha' (sky) + 'patita' (fallen) + 'phala' (fruit) + 'vat' (like).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kha+patita+phala)

• kha – sky, space, ether, zero
  noun (neuter)
  Root: khan (class 1)
• patita – fallen, descended
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'pat' (to fall).
  Root: pat (class 1)
• phala – fruit, result
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial simile describing how discernment is attained.

परम् (param) - supreme, ultimate (supreme, ultimate, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant

विवेकम् (vivekam) - ultimate, pure discrimination (viveka) (discrimination, discernment, wisdom)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viveka

viveka - discrimination, discernment, distinction, true knowledge, wisdom

From root 'vic' (to separate, distinguish) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Direct object of 'samaśnuvanti'.

चरम-भवाः (carama-bhavāḥ) - individuals undergoing their final incarnation (prior to liberation) (those in their last birth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of carama-bhava

carama-bhava - one who is in the last birth (before liberation)

'carama' (last) + 'bhava' (birth/existence).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (carama+bhava)

• carama – last, final, ultimate
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of 'cara' (moving) or from 'car' (to move).
  Root: car (class 1)
• bhava – birth, existence, state of being, world
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhū' (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'samaśnuvanti'.

विमलम् (vimalam) - pure, untainted (pure, spotless, stainless, immaculate)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vimala

vimala - pure, spotless, stainless, clear, untainted

From 'vi' (without) + 'mala' (dirt, impurity).

सम्-अश्नुवन्ति (sam-aśnuvanti) - they attain, achieve (they attain, reach, obtain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of aś

Present active indicative

3rd person plural, parasmaipada. Root of class 5 or 9. Here 5.

Prefix: sam

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: The verb for the plural subjects.