वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-41, verse-4

स भूत्वा तु महाकायो हनूमान्मारुतात्मजः ।
धृष्टमास्फोटयामास लङ्कां शब्देन पूरयन् ॥४॥

4. sa bhūtvā tu mahākāyo hanūmānmārutātmajaḥ ,
dhṛṣṭamāsphoṭayāmāsa laṅkāṃ śabdena pūrayan.

4. sa bhūtvā tu mahākāyaḥ hanumān mārutātmajaḥ
dhṛṣṭam āsphoṭayāmāsa laṅkām śabdena pūrayan

4. saḥ hanumān mārutātmajaḥ mahākāyaḥ bhūtvā tu
dhṛṣṭam śabdena laṅkām pūrayan āsphoṭayāmāsa

4. Having transformed into a colossal form, Hanumān, son of Maruta, boldly roared, filling all of Laṅkā with his sound.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Refers to Hanumān. (he, that)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

• तु (tu) - Emphasizes the change or action. (but, indeed, however)

• महाकायः (mahākāyaḥ) - having a huge body, colossal

• हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanumān

• मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - son of Maruta (Wind-god)

• धृष्टम् (dhṛṣṭam) - boldly, fearlessly, impudently

• आस्फोटयामास (āsphoṭayāmāsa) - A powerful sound of defiance, either a roar or a clap. (he roared, he clapped (his hands/thighs))

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - The city of Laṅkā, ruled by Rāvaṇa. (Laṅkā)

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by sound, with sound

• पूरयन् (pūrayan) - filling

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Refers to Hanumān. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root bhū (to be, become) + ktvā suffix

Root: bhū (class 1)

तु (tu) - Emphasizes the change or action. (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

महाकायः (mahākāyaḥ) - having a huge body, colossal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahākāya

mahākāya - having a huge body, large-bodied, colossal

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+kāya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• kāya – body, collection, group
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective with 'bhūtvā' and subject 'hanumān'.

हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanumān

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanumat

hanumat - Hanumān (proper noun), having a prominent jaw

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - son of Maruta (Wind-god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārutātmaja

mārutātmaja - son of Maruta (the Wind-god)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māruta+ātmaja)

• māruta – relating to Maruta (the Wind-god), wind
  noun (masculine)
  derived from Marut (wind-god)
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'hanumān'.

धृष्टम् (dhṛṣṭam) - boldly, fearlessly, impudently

(indeclinable)

past passive participle

root dhṛṣ (to dare, to be bold) + kta suffix

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Adverbial usage.

आस्फोटयामास (āsphoṭayāmāsa) - A powerful sound of defiance, either a roar or a clap. (he roared, he clapped (his hands/thighs))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of sphuṭ

periphrastic perfect active

causative stem of root sphuṭ (to burst) + prefix ā + periphrastic perfect ending (āmāsa)

Prefix: ā

Root: sphuṭ (class 6)

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - The city of Laṅkā, ruled by Rāvaṇa. (Laṅkā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (proper noun, name of Rāvaṇa's city)

Note: Object of 'pūrayan' (implied).

शब्देन (śabdena) - by sound, with sound

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

Note: Instrument of filling.

पूरयन् (pūrayan) - filling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrayat

pūrayat - filling, completing

present active participle

causative stem of root pṛ (to fill) + śatṛ suffix

Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'hanumān'.

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