महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-36, verse-9

सत्त्वं सुखे सञ्जयति रजः कर्मणि भारत ।
ज्ञानमावृत्य तु तमः प्रमादे सञ्जयत्युत ॥९॥

9. sattvaṁ sukhe sañjayati rajaḥ karmaṇi bhārata ,
jñānamāvṛtya tu tamaḥ pramāde sañjayatyuta.

9. sattvam sukhe sañjayati rajaḥ karmaṇi bhārata
jñānam āvṛtya tu tamaḥ pramāde sañjayati uta

9. bhārata sattvam sukhe sañjayati rajaḥ karmaṇi
(sañjayati) tu tamaḥ jñānam āvṛtya uta pramāde sañjayati

9. O Bhārata, sattva (lucidity or goodness) attaches (one) to happiness, and rajas (passion or activity) to action (karma). But tamas (darkness or inertia), having enveloped knowledge (jñāna), attaches (one) to heedlessness.

Words meanings summery:

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - The quality of goodness or lucidity (sattva), one of the three guṇas. (goodness, purity, lucidity, being, existence)

• सुखे (sukhe) - Refers to the state of happiness or contentment that sattva leads to. (in happiness, in joy, in comfort)

• सञ्जयति (sañjayati) - The action of the guṇas in attaching the embodied being to certain states or activities. (attaches, binds, fetters, connects)

• रजः (rajaḥ) - The quality of passion or activity (rajas), one of the three guṇas. (passion, activity, dust, impurity)

• कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - Refers to the sphere of action (karma), to which rajas binds. (in action, in activity, in work)

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Arjuna, as a member of the Bharata lineage. (O descendant of Bharata, O Arjuna)

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - Spiritual or intellectual knowledge that tamas obscures. (knowledge, wisdom)

• आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - Tamas covers or obscures knowledge (jñāna). (having covered, having enveloped, having concealed)

• तु (tu) - Marks a contrast, here introducing the nature of tamas. (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - The quality of inertia (tamas), one of the three guṇas. (darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia)

• प्रमादे (pramāde) - The state of heedlessness, neglect, or delusion to which tamas binds. (in heedlessness, in error, in delusion)

• सञ्जयति (sañjayati) - The action of the guṇas in attaching the embodied being to certain states or activities. (attaches, binds, fetters, connects)

• उत (uta) - Connects the statement about tamas to the preceding ones, implying 'and also'. (and, also, moreover, indeed)

Words meanings and morphology

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - The quality of goodness or lucidity (sattva), one of the three guṇas. (goodness, purity, lucidity, being, existence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - goodness, purity, lucidity, reality, existence, a living being

From 'sat' (being, good).

Root: as (class 2)

सुखे (sukhe) - Refers to the state of happiness or contentment that sattva leads to. (in happiness, in joy, in comfort)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort

सञ्जयति (sañjayati) - The action of the guṇas in attaching the embodied being to certain states or activities. (attaches, binds, fetters, connects)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sañji

From root 'ji' (to bind) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 9)

रजः (rajaḥ) - The quality of passion or activity (rajas), one of the three guṇas. (passion, activity, dust, impurity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - passion, activity, dynamism, dust, impurity, menstruation

कर्मणि (karmaṇi) - Refers to the sphere of action (karma), to which rajas binds. (in action, in activity, in work)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate

From root 'kṛ' (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Arjuna, as a member of the Bharata lineage. (O descendant of Bharata, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, belonging to Bharata, a name for Arjuna

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - Spiritual or intellectual knowledge that tamas obscures. (knowledge, wisdom)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, spiritual knowledge

From root 'jñā' (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'āvṛtya'.

आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - Tamas covers or obscures knowledge (jñāna). (having covered, having enveloped, having concealed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefix 'ā', forming an absolutive.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

तु (tu) - Marks a contrast, here introducing the nature of tamas. (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

तमः (tamaḥ) - The quality of inertia (tamas), one of the three guṇas. (darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, ignorance, inertia, dullness, gloom

प्रमादे (pramāde) - The state of heedlessness, neglect, or delusion to which tamas binds. (in heedlessness, in error, in delusion)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pramāda

pramāda - heedlessness, carelessness, error, negligence

From 'pra' + 'mad' (to be intoxicated, negligent).

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

सञ्जयति (sañjayati) - The action of the guṇas in attaching the embodied being to certain states or activities. (attaches, binds, fetters, connects)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sañji

From root 'ji' (to bind) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 9)

उत (uta) - Connects the statement about tamas to the preceding ones, implying 'and also'. (and, also, moreover, indeed)

(indeclinable)