महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-26, verse-16

किं कर्म किमकर्मेति कवयोऽप्यत्र मोहिताः ।
तत्ते कर्म प्रवक्ष्यामि यज्ज्ञात्वा मोक्ष्यसेऽशुभात् ॥१६॥

16. kiṁ karma kimakarmeti kavayo'pyatra mohitāḥ ,
tatte karma pravakṣyāmi yajjñātvā mokṣyase'śubhāt.

16. kim karma kim akarma iti kavayaḥ api atra mohitāḥ
tat te karma pravakṣyāmi yat jñātvā mokṣyase aśubhāt

16. kim karma kim akarma iti atra kavayaḥ api mohitāḥ tat
(karma) te pravakṣyāmi yat jñātvā aśubhāt mokṣyase

16. What is action (karma) and what is non-action (karma)? Even the intelligent are confused about this. Therefore, I will explain to you that action (karma), by knowing which you will be liberated (mokṣa) from misfortune.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what?

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work

• किम् (kim) - what?

• अकर्म (akarma) - non-action, inactivity

• इति (iti) - thus, regarding, so

• कवयः (kavayaḥ) - sages, poets, intelligent ones

• अपि (api) - even, also

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

• मोहिताः (mohitāḥ) - deluded, bewildered, confused

• तत् (tat) - that

• ते (te) - to you

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

• यत् (yat) - which

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• मोक्ष्यसे (mokṣyase) - you will be liberated, you will be freed

• अशुभात् (aśubhāt) - from evil, from misfortune, from inauspiciousness

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?

अकर्म (akarma) - non-action, inactivity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akarma

akarma - non-action, inactivity, absence of action

negative prefix a- added to karma

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+karma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• karma – action, deed, work
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, regarding, so

(indeclinable)

कवयः (kavayaḥ) - sages, poets, intelligent ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kavi

kavi - poet, sage, wise person, intelligent

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

मोहिताः (mohitāḥ) - deluded, bewildered, confused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mohita

mohita - deluded, bewildered, confused

Past Passive Participle

from root muh (to be bewildered, confused)

Root: muh (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: can also be genitive singular

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pravac

Future Tense

1st person, singular, active voice

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root jñā + tvā suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

मोक्ष्यसे (mokṣyase) - you will be liberated, you will be freed

(verb)

2nd person , singular, passive, future (lṛṭ) of muc

Future Tense

2nd person, singular, middle/passive voice

Root: muc (class 6)

अशुभात् (aśubhāt) - from evil, from misfortune, from inauspiciousness

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, evil, bad, unfortunate

negative prefix a- added to śubha (auspicious, good)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+śubha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śubha – auspicious, bright, good, fortunate
  adjective (neuter)