महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-2, verse-11

स दीव्यमानः प्रतिदेवनेन अक्षेषु नित्यं सुपराङ्मुखेषु ।
संरम्भमाणो विजितः प्रसह्य तत्रापराधः शकुनेर्न कश्चित् ॥११॥

11. sa dīvyamānaḥ pratidevanena; akṣeṣu nityaṁ suparāṅmukheṣu ,
saṁrambhamāṇo vijitaḥ prasahya; tatrāparādhaḥ śakunerna kaścit.

11. saḥ dīvyamānaḥ prati-devanena
akṣeṣu nityam suparāṅmukheṣu
samrambhamāṇaḥ vijitaḥ prasahya
tatra aparādhaḥ śakuneḥ na kaścit

11. While he (Yudhiṣṭhira) was gambling against the counter-gambler (Śakuni), and with the dice always being very unfavorable, he became enraged and was forcibly defeated. In this, there was no fault of Śakuni.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (he)

• दीव्यमाणः (dīvyamāṇaḥ) - gambling, playing dice

• प्रति-देवनेन (prati-devanena) - by Śakuni, the one gambling against (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by the counter-gambler)

• अक्षेषु (akṣeṣu) - in the dice, among the dice

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• सुपराङ्मुखेषु (suparāṅmukheṣu) - when very unfavorable

• सम्रम्भमाणः (samrambhamāṇaḥ) - becoming enraged, becoming furious

• विजितः (vijitaḥ) - defeated, conquered

• प्रसह्य (prasahya) - forcibly, vehemently

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that matter

• अपराधः (aparādhaḥ) - fault, offense

• शकुनेः (śakuneḥ) - of Śakuni

• न (na) - not

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - no (singular) fault (any, someone)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

दीव्यमाणः (dīvyamāṇaḥ) - gambling, playing dice

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīvyamāṇa

dīvyamāṇa - playing, gambling

Present Middle Participle

Present Middle Participle of root div

Root: div (class 4)

प्रति-देवनेन (prati-devanena) - by Śakuni, the one gambling against (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by the counter-gambler)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pratidevana

pratidevana - counter-gambler, opponent in dice

Compound 'prati' (against) + 'devana' (gambling/player)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (prati+devana)

• prati – against, towards, in return
  indeclinable
• devana – gambling, play, player (verbal noun of div)
  noun (neuter)
  Verbal noun from root div (to play)
  Root: div (class 4)

अक्षेषु (akṣeṣu) - in the dice, among the dice

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of akṣa

akṣa - die (for gambling), gaming-die, axle

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

सुपराङ्मुखेषु (suparāṅmukheṣu) - when very unfavorable

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of suparāṅmukha

suparāṅmukha - very unfavorable, strongly averse

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+parāṅmukha)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• parāṅmukha – having the face turned away, averted, unfavorable, hostile
  adjective (masculine)

सम्रम्भमाणः (samrambhamāṇaḥ) - becoming enraged, becoming furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samrambhamāṇa

samrambhamāṇa - becoming angry, furious, agitated

Present Middle Participle

Present Middle Participle of root rabh with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

विजितः (vijitaḥ) - defeated, conquered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijita

vijita - defeated, conquered, won

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root ji with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

प्रसह्य (prasahya) - forcibly, vehemently

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (Gerund) form of root sah with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: sah (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that matter

(indeclinable)

अपराधः (aparādhaḥ) - fault, offense

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, fault, transgression, error

शकुनेः (śakuneḥ) - of Śakuni

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Śakuni (King of Gandhāra, expert gambler)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - no (singular) fault (any, someone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - any, some, someone, something

Indefinite pronoun formed by combining kim (who/what) and cid (a particle)