महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-343, verse-1

अतिथिरुवाच ।
उपदेशं तु ते विप्र करिष्येऽहं यथागमम् ।
गुरुणा मे यथाख्यातमर्थतस्तच्च मे शृणु ॥१॥

1. atithiruvāca ,
upadeśaṁ tu te vipra kariṣye'haṁ yathāgamam ,
guruṇā me yathākhyātamarthatastacca me śṛṇu.

1. atithiḥ uvāca upadeśam tu te vipra kariṣye aham yathāgamam
guruṇā me yathā ākhyātam arthataḥ tat ca me śṛṇu

1. The guest said: 'O brahmin, I will certainly give you instruction in accordance with the tradition (āgama), just as it was explained by my preceptor (guru). Listen to that essential teaching from me.'

Words meanings summery:

• अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - guest, stranger

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• उपदेशम् (upadeśam) - instruction, advice, teaching

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• विप्र (vipra) - O brahmin, O sage

• करिष्ये (kariṣye) - I will do, I will make, I will give

• अहम् (aham) - I

• यथागमम् (yathāgamam) - according to tradition, as per scripture

• गुरुणा (guruṇā) - by the preceptor (guru), by the teacher

• मे (me) - referring to 'my preceptor' (my, by me, for me)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - the instruction that was explained (told, explained, recounted)

• अर्थतः (arthataḥ) - in meaning, essentially, truly

• तत् (tat) - that teaching (that, it)

• च (ca) - and

• मे (me) - listen to that from me (from me, my)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

Words meanings and morphology

अतिथिः (atithiḥ) - guest, stranger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atithi

atithi - guest, stranger, visitor

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, Active voice of √vac.

Root: √vac (class 2)

उपदेशम् (upadeśam) - instruction, advice, teaching

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upadeśa

upadeśa - instruction, advice, teaching, initiation, guidance

Derived from root √diś (to point out, show) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: √diś (class 6)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

विप्र (vipra) - O brahmin, O sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, sage, inspired one, priest

करिष्ये (kariṣye) - I will do, I will make, I will give

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future (Lṛṭ) of kṛ

Future Middle

1st person singular, Future tense, Middle voice of √kṛ.

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

यथागमम् (yathāgamam) - according to tradition, as per scripture

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+āgama)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• āgama – tradition, sacred text, scripture, coming, arrival
  noun (masculine)

गुरुणा (guruṇā) - by the preceptor (guru), by the teacher

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of guru

guru - preceptor, teacher, master, heavy, important

मे (me) - referring to 'my preceptor' (my, by me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - the instruction that was explained (told, explained, recounted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - told, explained, narrated, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √khyā (to tell, narrate) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: √khyā (class 2)

अर्थतः (arthataḥ) - in meaning, essentially, truly

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that teaching (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - listen to that from me (from me, my)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Used as an ablative of source with śṛṇu.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of śru

Imperative Active

2nd person singular, Imperative mood, Active voice of √śru.

Root: √śru (class 5)