योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-9, verse-5

वाल्मीकिरुवाच ।
तस्मिन्कोपपरीतेऽथ विश्वामित्रे महात्मनि ।
चचाल वसुधा कृत्स्ना सुरांश्च भयमाविशत् ॥ ५ ॥

vālmīkiruvāca ,
tasminkopaparīte'tha viśvāmitre mahātmani ,
cacāla vasudhā kṛtsnā surāṃśca bhayamāviśat 5

5. vālmīkiḥ uvāca tasmin kopa-parīte atha viśvāmitre
mahātmani cacāla vasudhā kṛtsnā surān ca bhayam āviśat

5. Valmiki said: Then, when the great-souled (mahātmā) Vishwamitra was overcome by anger, the entire earth trembled, and fear gripped the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - The sage Valmiki, the narrator of the Rāmāyaṇa. (Valmiki)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Refers to Vishwamitra. (in that, in him)

• कोप-परीते (kopa-parīte) - Vishwamitra being gripped by anger. (overcome by anger, surrounded by anger)

• अथ (atha) - Marks a sequence of events. (then, thereupon, now)

• विश्वामित्रे (viśvāmitre) - The sage Vishwamitra. (in Vishwamitra)

• महात्मनि (mahātmani) - Describing Vishwamitra as a person of great spirit (mahātmā). (in the great-souled one, in the noble one)

• चचाल (cacāla) - trembled, shook, moved

• वसुधा (vasudhā) - the earth, the bearer of wealth

• कृत्स्ना (kṛtsnā) - entire, whole, complete

• सुरान् (surān) - The celestial beings. (the gods)

• च (ca) - Connects the two effects of Vishwamitra's anger. (and, also)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, terror

• आविशत् (āviśat) - entered, permeated, seized, attacked

Words meanings and morphology

वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - The sage Valmiki, the narrator of the Rāmāyaṇa. (Valmiki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālmīki

vālmīki - Valmiki (name of a famous sage and author of the Rāmāyaṇa)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

From root vac, Perfect tense (liṭ), Parasmaipada, irregular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Precedes direct speech or introduces a narrative segment.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Refers to Vishwamitra. (in that, in him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with viśvāmitre and mahātmani.

कोप-परीते (kopa-parīte) - Vishwamitra being gripped by anger. (overcome by anger, surrounded by anger)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kopaparīta

kopaparīta - surrounded by anger, overcome by anger

Compound of kopa (anger) and parīta (surrounded, encompassed, Past Passive Participle of pari-i).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kopa+parīta)

• kopa – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From root kup (to be agitated, to be angry).
  Root: kup (class 4)
• parīta – encompassed, surrounded, pervaded, gone around
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pari (prefix) + root i (to go).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

अथ (atha) - Marks a sequence of events. (then, thereupon, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the preceding statement with the subsequent actions.

विश्वामित्रे (viśvāmitre) - The sage Vishwamitra. (in Vishwamitra)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Vishwamitra (name of a celebrated Vedic sage)

Compound viśva (all) + mitra (friend).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, whole, entire, universal
  adjective (neuter)
• mitra – friend, companion, the sun
  noun (masculine)

Note: The subject of the locative absolute construction.

महात्मनि (mahātmani) - Describing Vishwamitra as a person of great spirit (mahātmā). (in the great-souled one, in the noble one)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble, the great (ātman)

Compound of mahā (great) + ātman (soul, self).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for Vishwamitra in the locative absolute.

चचाल (cacāla) - trembled, shook, moved

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of cal

Perfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

From root cal, Perfect tense (liṭ), Parasmaipada, reduplicated form.

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first independent clause.

वसुधा (vasudhā) - the earth, the bearer of wealth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vasudhā

vasudhā - earth (literally 'bearer of wealth')

Compound vasu (wealth) + root dhā (to bear, hold).

Compound type : Upapada Tatpuruṣa (vasu+dhā)

• vasu – wealth, riches, good, gem
  noun (neuter)
• dhā – to place, to hold, to bear
  verb
  Root form, used in compounds.
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: The subject of the first sentence of the second part.

कृत्स्ना (kṛtsnā) - entire, whole, complete

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - entire, whole, complete, all

Root: kṛt

Note: Agrees with vasudhā.

सुरान् (surān) - The celestial beings. (the gods)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Object of āviśat.

च (ca) - Connects the two effects of Vishwamitra's anger. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, terror

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

From root bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of āviśat.

आविशत् (āviśat) - entered, permeated, seized, attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āviś

Imperfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

From prefix ā + root viś, Imperfect tense (laṅ), Parasmaipada.

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the second independent clause.

Previous Verse Next Verse