योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-9, verse-9

स्वधर्मं प्रतिपद्यस्व न धर्मं हातुमर्हसि ।
मुनेस्त्रिभुवनेशस्य वचनं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥ ९ ॥

svadharmaṃ pratipadyasva na dharmaṃ hātumarhasi ,
munestribhuvaneśasya vacanaṃ kartumarhasi 9

9. svadharmam pratipadyasva na dharmam hātum arhasi
muneḥ tribhuvaneśasya vacanam kartum arhasi

9. Uphold your own natural law (svadharma); you ought not to abandon your (intrinsic) nature (dharma). You should fulfill the command of the sage, who is the lord of the three worlds.

9. קיים את הַסְוַודְהַרְמָה (החוק הטבעי שלך), אל לך לזנוח את הַדְהַרְמָה (חוק היושר). עליך למלא את דברי הַמוּנִי (הפרוש השתקן), אדון שלושת העולמות.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - Referring to Dasharatha's duty as a king and his inherent righteous character. (one's own duty, one's own natural law, one's intrinsic nature)

• प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - undertake, accept, follow, acquire

• न (na) - not, no

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - Referring to his kingly duties and ethical commitments. (righteousness, natural law, duty)

• हातुम् (hātum) - to abandon, to give up, to forsake

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - 'You ought' or 'You should'. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - Refers to Viśvāmitra. (of the sage)

• त्रिभुवनेशस्य (tribhuvaneśasya) - Refers to Viśvāmitra, who is described with this epithet. (of the lord of the three worlds)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - Refers to Viśvāmitra's command or request. (word, speech, command, instruction)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to perform, to make

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - 'You should' or 'You ought'. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - Referring to Dasharatha's duty as a king and his inherent righteous character. (one's own duty, one's own natural law, one's intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own duty, one's own natural law, one's intrinsic nature, personal constitution

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'dharma'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
  Reflexive pronoun.
• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pratipadyasva'.

प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - undertake, accept, follow, acquire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of pratipad

Middle voice imperative, 2nd person singular. From 'prati' + root 'pad' (to go, to fall).

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Command to Dasharatha.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the action 'hātum arhasi'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - Referring to his kingly duties and ethical commitments. (righteousness, natural law, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

हातुम् (hātum) - to abandon, to give up, to forsake

(verb)

active, infinitive of hā

Infinitive

From root 'hā' (to abandon) + 'tumun' suffix.

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Used with 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - 'You ought' or 'You should'. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, 2nd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the first two clauses.

मुनेः (muneḥ) - Refers to Viśvāmitra. (of the sage)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

i-stem masculine noun.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Possessive, 'of the sage'.

त्रिभुवनेशस्य (tribhuvaneśasya) - Refers to Viśvāmitra, who is described with this epithet. (of the lord of the three worlds)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tribhuvaneśa

tribhuvaneśa - lord of the three worlds

Compound of 'tribhuvana' (three worlds) and 'īśa' (lord). 'a+ī' -> 'e' (guṇa sandhi).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tribhuvana+īśa)

• tribhuvana – the three worlds (heaven, earth, underworld)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'tri' (three) and 'bhuvana' (world).
• īśa – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'īś' (to rule, to be master of).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'muneḥ'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - Refers to Viśvāmitra's command or request. (word, speech, command, instruction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, command, saying, instruction

From root 'vac' (to speak) + 'ana' suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kartum'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to perform, to make

(verb)

active, infinitive of kṛ

Infinitive

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + 'tumun' suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - 'You should' or 'You ought'. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, 2nd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the second sentence.

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