योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-9, verse-4

यदि त्वं न क्षमो राजन्गमिष्यामि यथागतम् ।
हीनप्रतिज्ञ काकुत्स्थ सुखी भव सबान्धवः ॥ ४ ॥

yadi tvaṃ na kṣamo rājangamiṣyāmi yathāgatam ,
hīnapratijña kākutstha sukhī bhava sabāndhavaḥ 4

4. yadi tvam na kṣamaḥ rājan gamiṣyāmi yathāgatam
hīnapratijña kākutstha sukhī bhava sabāndhavaḥ

4. O King, if you are not capable, I will return the way I came. O Kakutstha, whose promise is broken, may you be happy with your kinsmen.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• न (na) - not

• क्षमः (kṣamaḥ) - Capable of fulfilling the promise. (capable, able, patient, forgiving)

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Rama. (O King)

• गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go, I shall go

• यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - In the same way I came here (i.e., I will leave without accomplishing my purpose). (as it came, as it arrived, in the same manner as one came)

• हीनप्रतिज्ञ (hīnapratijña) - Addressed to Rama, highlighting his failure to keep his word. (O you whose promise is broken, one who has abandoned a promise)

• काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - An epithet for Rama. (O descendant of Kakutstha)

• सुखी (sukhī) - happy, joyful, at ease

• भव (bhava) - be, become

• सबान्धवः (sabāndhavaḥ) - with kinsmen, accompanied by relatives

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of the conditional clause.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates kṣamaḥ.

क्षमः (kṣamaḥ) - Capable of fulfilling the promise. (capable, able, patient, forgiving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣama

kṣama - able, capable, patient, forbearing, forgiving

From root kṣam (to be patient, to be able).

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective to tvam.

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Rama. (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go, I shall go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Future Tense, 1st Person Singular

From root gam, Future tense, Parasmaipada.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the consequence clause.

यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - In the same way I came here (i.e., I will leave without accomplishing my purpose). (as it came, as it arrived, in the same manner as one came)

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as) + āgata (arrived, Past Passive Participle of ā-gam).

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (yathā+āgata)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• āgata – arrived, come
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā (prefix) + root gam.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

हीनप्रतिज्ञ (hīnapratijña) - Addressed to Rama, highlighting his failure to keep his word. (O you whose promise is broken, one who has abandoned a promise)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of hīnapratijña

hīnapratijña - one who has abandoned a promise, one whose promise is broken

Compound of hīna (abandoned, deprived of) + pratijñā (promise).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (hīna+pratijñā)

• hīna – abandoned, deprived of, inferior, deficient
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hā (to abandon, forsake).
  Root: hā (class 3)
• pratijñā – promise, vow, assertion
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: An address implying reproach.

काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - An epithet for Rama. (O descendant of Kakutstha)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha (an ancient king), epithet of Rama

From kakutstha + aṇ suffix.

सुखी (sukhī) - happy, joyful, at ease

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhin

sukhin - happy, joyful, possessing happiness, comfortable

From sukha (happiness) + in suffix.

Note: Predicate adjective to the implied subject 'you'.

भव (bhava) - be, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active

Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

From root bhū, Imperative mood, Parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses a command or a wish (here, sarcastic).

सबान्धवः (sabāndhavaḥ) - with kinsmen, accompanied by relatives

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabāndhava

sabāndhava - with kinsmen, having relatives

Compound of sa (with) + bāndhava (relative, kinsman).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+bāndhava)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating association.
• bāndhava – kinsman, relative, friend
  noun (masculine)
  From bandhu (relative) + aṇ suffix.

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'you'.

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