वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-92, verse-16

एवं वर्षसहस्राणि दशतेषां ययुस्तदा ।
धर्मे प्रयतमानानां पौरकार्येषु नित्यदा ॥१६॥

16. evaṃ varṣasahasrāṇi daśateṣāṃ yayustadā ,
dharme prayatamānānāṃ paurakāryeṣu nityadā.

16. evam varṣasahasrāṇi daśa teṣām yayuḥ tadā
dharme prayatamānānām paurakāryeṣu nityadā

16. evam dharme paurakāryeṣu nityadā prayatamānānām
teṣām daśa varṣasahasrāṇi tadā yayuḥ

16. In this manner, ten thousand years passed for them as they constantly exerted themselves in their intrinsic nature (dharma) and in civic duties.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousand years (thousands of years)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they passed (of years) (they went, they passed)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• धर्मे (dharme) - in their intrinsic nature (dharma) (in (dharma), in righteousness, in duty)

• प्रयततमानानाम् (prayatatamānānām) - of those who were constantly exerting themselves (of those striving, of those exerting themselves)

• पौरकार्येषु (paurakāryeṣu) - in civic duties, in city affairs

• नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, constantly, perpetually

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - thousand years (thousands of years)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year, rain, monsoon
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Could also be accusative if directly object of verb, but here it's the subject passing.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'varṣasahasrāṇi'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the persons (Lakshmana and Bharata etc.).

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they passed (of years) (they went, they passed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

धर्मे (dharme) - in their intrinsic nature (dharma) (in (dharma), in righteousness, in duty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature (dharma), constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

प्रयततमानानाम् (prayatatamānānām) - of those who were constantly exerting themselves (of those striving, of those exerting themselves)

(verbal derivative)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām'.

पौरकार्येषु (paurakāryeṣu) - in civic duties, in city affairs

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of paurakārya

paurakārya - civic duties, city affairs, business of the citizens

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paura+kārya)

• paura – citizen, townsman, relating to a city
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pura' (city).
• kārya – duty, business, action, work, what should be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Gerundive from root √kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

नित्यदा (nityadā) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

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