वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-42, verse-8

ततो देवर्षिगन्धर्वा यक्षाः सिद्धगणास्तथा ।
व्यलोकयन्त ते तत्र गगनाद्गां गतां तदा ॥८॥

8. tato devarṣigandharvā yakṣāḥ siddhagaṇāstathā ,
vyalokayanta te tatra gaganādgāṃ gatāṃ tadā.

8. tataḥ devarṣi-gandharvāḥ yakṣāḥ siddha-gaṇāḥ
tathā vyalokayanta te tatra gaganāt gām gatām tadā

8. tataḥ te devarṣi-gandharvāḥ yakṣāḥ siddha-gaṇāḥ
tathā tatra gaganāt gām gatām tadā vyalokayanta

8. Then, the divine sages, Gandharvas, Yakshas, and hosts of Siddhas, from the sky, beheld the (Gangā) river descending to the earth at that time.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from there)

• देवर्षि-गन्धर्वाः (devarṣi-gandharvāḥ) - divine sages and Gandharvas

• यक्षाः (yakṣāḥ) - Yakshas (Yakshas (a class of nature-spirits))

• सिद्ध-गणाः (siddha-gaṇāḥ) - hosts of Siddhas

• तथा (tathā) - and likewise (so, thus, in that manner, and)

• व्यलोकयन्त (vyalokayanta) - they observed (they beheld, they saw)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the celestial beings) (they)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• गगनात् (gaganāt) - from the sky (from the sky, from heaven)

• गाम् (gām) - the earth (accusative of go) (cow, earth, speech)

• गताम् (gatām) - having gone, descending (gone, arrived, gone to)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from there)

(indeclinable)

देवर्षि-गन्धर्वाः (devarṣi-gandharvāḥ) - divine sages and Gandharvas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devarṣi-gandharva

devarṣi-gandharva - divine sages and Gandharvas

Dvanda compound of devarṣi and gandharva

Compound type : dvandva (devarṣi+gandharva)

• devarṣi – divine sage, a sage of celestial rank
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, often musicians)
  noun (masculine)

यक्षाः (yakṣāḥ) - Yakshas (Yakshas (a class of nature-spirits))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yakṣa

yakṣa - Yakṣa (a class of semi-divine beings, often benevolent nature-spirits)

सिद्ध-गणाः (siddha-gaṇāḥ) - hosts of Siddhas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siddha-gaṇa

siddha-gaṇa - host of Siddhas

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siddha+gaṇa)

• siddha – Siddha (a perfected or accomplished being), accomplished, successful
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √sidh (to accomplish, succeed)
  Root: sidh (class 4)
• gaṇa – host, multitude, troop, collection
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - and likewise (so, thus, in that manner, and)

(indeclinable)

व्यलोकयन्त (vyalokayanta) - they observed (they beheld, they saw)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of lok

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, Ātmanepada, from √lok (to see) with prefix vi-ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: lok (class 10)

ते (te) - they (referring to the celestial beings) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

गगनात् (gaganāt) - from the sky (from the sky, from heaven)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of gagana

gagana - sky, atmosphere, heaven

गाम् (gām) - the earth (accusative of go) (cow, earth, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, bull, earth, ray of light, speech, heaven

Note: Here, 'gām' refers to the earth, commonly understood in this context for the descent of the Gangā.

गताम् (gatām) - having gone, descending (gone, arrived, gone to)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, gone to, passed

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing 'gām' (earth), indicating it was the destination of the descent.

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Previous Verse Next Verse