महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-1, verse-11

मौसलं ते परिश्रुत्य दुःखशोकसमन्विताः ।
विषण्णा हतसंकल्पाः पाण्डवाः समुपाविशन् ॥११॥

11. mausalaṁ te pariśrutya duḥkhaśokasamanvitāḥ ,
viṣaṇṇā hatasaṁkalpāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ samupāviśan.

11. mausalam te pariśrutya duḥkhaśokasamānvitāḥ
viṣaṇṇāḥ hatasaṃkalpāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ samupāviśan

11. te pāṇḍavāḥ mausalam pariśrutya duḥkhaśokasamānvitāḥ
viṣaṇṇāḥ hatasaṃkalpāḥ samupāviśan

11. Upon fully hearing about the Mausala destruction, the Pāṇḍavas, filled with sorrow and grief, became despondent and disheartened, and then sat down.

Words meanings summery:

• मौसलम् (mausalam) - the Mausala destruction (of the Vṛṣṇis) (relating to maces, the destruction by maces)

• ते (te) - they (the Pāṇḍavas) (they (masculine plural nominative))

• परिश्रुत्य (pariśrutya) - having fully heard

• दुःखशोकसमान्विताः (duḥkhaśokasamānvitāḥ) - filled with sorrow and grief (endowed with sorrow and grief, filled with sorrow and grief)

• विषण्णाः (viṣaṇṇāḥ) - despondent (despondent, dejected, depressed)

• हतसंकल्पाः (hatasaṁkalpāḥ) - with shattered resolves, disheartened (with destroyed resolves, disheartened)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• समुपाविशन् (samupāviśan) - they sat down (they sat down, they took their seats)

Words meanings and morphology

मौसलम् (mausalam) - the Mausala destruction (of the Vṛṣṇis) (relating to maces, the destruction by maces)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mausala

mausala - relating to maces; name of a section of Mahābhārata (Mausala Parva) dealing with destruction by maces.

From musala (mace) + aṇ suffix.

Note: Object of pariśrutya.

ते (te) - they (the Pāṇḍavas) (they (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the participial phrase and the main verb samupāviśan.

परिश्रुत्य (pariśrutya) - having fully heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From pari-√śru (to hear fully) + suffix lyap

Prefix: pari

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates a prior action by te pāṇḍavāḥ.

दुःखशोकसमान्विताः (duḥkhaśokasamānvitāḥ) - filled with sorrow and grief (endowed with sorrow and grief, filled with sorrow and grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duḥkhaśokasamānvitā

duḥkhaśokasamānvitā - accompanied by sorrow and grief, overcome with distress and lamentation

Past Passive Participle (within compound)

Bahuvrīhi compound: duḥkha (suffering) + śoka (grief) + samānvitā (endowed with, accompanied by).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duḥkha+śoka+samān-vita)

• duḥkha – pain, suffering, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)
• śoka – grief, lamentation, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• samān-vita – accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam-anu-√i (to go along with) or sam-anu-√vī (to be accompanied by)
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for pāṇḍavāḥ.

विषण्णाः (viṣaṇṇāḥ) - despondent (despondent, dejected, depressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viṣaṇṇa

viṣaṇṇa - despondent, dejected, depressed, sad

Past Passive Participle

From vi-√sad (to sink down, to be dejected)

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for pāṇḍavāḥ.

हतसंकल्पाः (hatasaṁkalpāḥ) - with shattered resolves, disheartened (with destroyed resolves, disheartened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hatasaṃkalpa

hatasaṁkalpa - one whose resolve is destroyed, disheartened, disappointed

Past Passive Participle (within compound)

Bahuvrīhi compound: hata (destroyed) + saṃkalpa (resolve, intention).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+saṃkalpa)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed, lost
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• saṃkalpa – resolve, intention, determination, will
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-√kḷp (to be well-arranged, to resolve)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for pāṇḍavāḥ.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu (a Pāṇḍava)

From pāṇḍu + aṇ suffix.

Note: Subject of samupāviśan.

समुपाविशन् (samupāviśan) - they sat down (they sat down, they took their seats)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samupaviś

Imperfect past tense

3rd person plural, imperfect active. From sam-upa-√viś (to sit down).

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: viś (class 6)