महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-252, verse-17

महाजना ह्युपावृत्ता राजधर्मं समाश्रिताः ।
न हि सर्वहितः कश्चिदाचारः संप्रदृश्यते ॥१७॥

17. mahājanā hyupāvṛttā rājadharmaṁ samāśritāḥ ,
na hi sarvahitaḥ kaścidācāraḥ saṁpradṛśyate.

17. mahājanāḥ hi upāvṛttāḥ rājadharmam samāśritāḥ
na hi sarvahitaḥ kaścit ācāraḥ samprakāśyate

17. hi mahājanāḥ upāvṛttāḥ rājadharmam samāśritāḥ
hi kaścit sarvahitaḥ ācāraḥ na samprakāśyate

17. For indeed, great people (mahājanāḥ) have adopted the royal (dharma) (constitution). Yet, no conduct that is truly beneficial to everyone is ever observed.

Words meanings summery:

• महाजनाः (mahājanāḥ) - great people, important persons, revered individuals

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• उपावृत्ताः (upāvṛttāḥ) - resorted to, turned towards, returned, ceased (here, 'adopted')

• राजधमम् (rājadhamam) - royal (dharma), king's law, constitution for kings

• समाश्रिताः (samāśritāḥ) - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on, supported by

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• सर्वहितः (sarvahitaḥ) - beneficial to all, universally good

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone, any

• आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct, custom, practice

• सम्प्रकाश्यते (samprakāśyate) - is seen, is observed, is visible, appears

Words meanings and morphology

महाजनाः (mahājanāḥ) - great people, important persons, revered individuals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahājana

mahājana - great person, important individual, respectable man, leader

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+jana)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

उपावृत्ताः (upāvṛttāḥ) - resorted to, turned towards, returned, ceased (here, 'adopted')

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upāvṛtta

upāvṛtta - turned towards, returned, resorted to, adopted, ceased, refrained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt (to turn) with prefixes upa- and ā-

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

राजधमम् (rājadhamam) - royal (dharma), king's law, constitution for kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājadharma

rājadharma - the (dharma) (natural law/constitution) of kings, royal duty, king's law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)

समाश्रिताः (samāśritāḥ) - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on, supported by

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāśrita

samāśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on, supported by, embraced, adopted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śri (to resort to, to serve) with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

सर्वहितः (sarvahitaḥ) - beneficial to all, universally good

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvahita

sarvahita - beneficial to all, universally good, salutary for everyone

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+hita)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• hita – beneficial, good, suitable, placed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place) with irregular formation for 'hita' meaning beneficial.
  Root: dhā (class 3)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone, any

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - anyone, someone, anything, something, any, certain

Formed from 'kim' (what/who) and 'cid' (an emphatic particle)

आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct, custom, practice

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāra

ācāra - conduct, custom, practice, behavior, tradition

सम्प्रकाश्यते (samprakāśyate) - is seen, is observed, is visible, appears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of samprakāś

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)