महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-22, verse-5

नागानामुत्तमो हर्षस्तदा वर्षति वासवे ।
आपूर्यत मही चापि सलिलेन समन्ततः ॥५॥

5. nāgānāmuttamo harṣastadā varṣati vāsave ,
āpūryata mahī cāpi salilena samantataḥ.

5. nāgānām uttamaḥ harṣaḥ tadā varṣati vāsve
| āpūryata mahī ca api salilena samantataḥ

5. Then, there was great joy among the Nāgas when Indra sent rain. And the earth, moreover, was completely filled with water from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• नागानाम् (nāgānām) - of the Nāgas (serpentine beings, often associated with water) (of the Nāgas (serpents/elephants))

• उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - greatest (best, excellent, highest, greatest)

• हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - joy (joy, delight, excitement)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• वर्षति (varṣati) - (when) it rains / Indra sends rain ((it) rains, pours)

• वास्वे (vāsve) - when Indra (sends rain) (in Vasava (Indra); when Vasava (Indra) is present/active)

• आपूर्यत (āpūryata) - was completely filled (it was filled, became full)

• मही (mahī) - earth (earth, land)

• च (ca) - and, moreover (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also, moreover (also, even, moreover)

• सलिलेन (salilena) - with water

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, all around, completely)

Words meanings and morphology

नागानाम् (nāgānām) - of the Nāgas (serpentine beings, often associated with water) (of the Nāgas (serpents/elephants))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant, a class of mythical serpent-like beings

Note: Possessive, "of the Nāgas".

उत्तमः (uttamaḥ) - greatest (best, excellent, highest, greatest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, ultimate

Superlative form of ud (up) or ut.

Note: Agrees with harṣaḥ.

हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - joy (joy, delight, excitement)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, excitement, thrill

action noun

From root hṛṣ (to be excited, glad).

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause (implied verb 'was').

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Formed from pronominal stem tad.

Note: Adverb of time.

वर्षति (varṣati) - (when) it rains / Indra sends rain ((it) rains, pours)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vṛṣ

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: In locative absolute construction with vāsve.

वास्वे (vāsve) - when Indra (sends rain) (in Vasava (Indra); when Vasava (Indra) is present/active)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vasava

vasava - Vasu, Indra (as chief of the Vasus or a name for Indra)

Epithet of Indra, lord of rain.

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

आपूर्यत (āpūryata) - was completely filled (it was filled, became full)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle/passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūr

From root pūr with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: pūr (class 10)

Note: The middle voice can often carry a passive sense.

मही (mahī) - earth (earth, land)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, land, ground

Note: Subject of āpūryata.

च (ca) - and, moreover (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Postpositive conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, moreover (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सलिलेन (salilena) - with water

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water

Note: Instrument of filling.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, all around, completely)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix tatas (direction/source).