भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-2, verse-30
देही नित्यमवध्योऽयं देहे सर्वस्य भारत ।
तस्मात्सर्वाणि भूतानि न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥३०॥
तस्मात्सर्वाणि भूतानि न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि ॥३०॥
30. dehī nityamavadhyo'yaṁ dehe sarvasya bhārata ,
tasmātsarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvaṁ śocitumarhasi.
tasmātsarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvaṁ śocitumarhasi.
30.
dehī nityam avadhyaḥ ayam dehe sarvasya bhārata
tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvam śocitum arhasi
tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvam śocitum arhasi
30.
bhārata dehe sarvasya ayam dehī nityam avadhyaḥ
tasmāt tvam sarvāṇi bhūtāni śocitum na arhasi
tasmāt tvam sarvāṇi bhūtāni śocitum na arhasi
30.
O Bhārata, this embodied self (ātman) within the body of every being is eternal and cannot be killed. Therefore, you should not grieve for any living creature.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- देही (dehī) - The individual soul (ātman) (embodied self, soul, living being)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - eternally, constantly, always
- अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - indestructible, not to be killed, inviolable
- अयम् (ayam) - this
- देहे (dehe) - in the body
- सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everyone
- भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Arjuna (O descendant of Bharata; O Arjuna)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
- सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all, every
- भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, elements
- न (na) - not, no
- त्वम् (tvam) - you
- शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to grieve, to mourn
- अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are worthy, you should
Words meanings and morphology
देही (dehī) - The individual soul (ātman) (embodied self, soul, living being)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dehin
dehin - embodied, having a body; an embodied being, soul
Derived from 'deha' (body) with suffix '-in'
नित्यम् (nityam) - eternally, constantly, always
(indeclinable)
Note: Used adverbially here.
अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - indestructible, not to be killed, inviolable
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avadhya
avadhya - not to be killed, inviolable
Gerundive
Root 'han' (to kill) + suffix '-ya' + negation 'a-'
Prefix: a
Root: han (class 2)
अयम् (ayam) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this
देहे (dehe) - in the body
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of deha
deha - body
सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everyone
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Can be genitive masculine or neuter.
भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Arjuna (O descendant of Bharata; O Arjuna)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata
bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, India
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
(indeclinable)
Note: Ablative case of 'tad' used adverbially.
सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all, every
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Can also be nominative plural.
भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures, elements
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of bhūta
bhūta - being, creature, element; past
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Can also be nominative plural.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
त्वम् (tvam) - you
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (pronoun)
शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to grieve, to mourn
(indeclinable)
Root: śuc (class 1)
Note: Infinitive form.
अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are worthy, you should
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of arh
Root: arh (class 1)