योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-46, verse-4

धनदारेषु वृद्धेषु दुःखं युक्तं न तुष्टयः ।
वृद्धायां मोहमायायां कः समाश्वासवानिह ॥ ४ ॥

dhanadāreṣu vṛddheṣu duḥkhaṃ yuktaṃ na tuṣṭayaḥ ,
vṛddhāyāṃ mohamāyāyāṃ kaḥ samāśvāsavāniha 4

4. dhanadāreṣu vṛddheṣu duḥkham yuktam na tuṣṭayaḥ
vṛddhāyām mohamāyāyām kaḥ samāśvāsavān iha

4. dhanadāreṣu vṛddheṣu duḥkham yuktam tuṣṭayaḥ
na mohamāyāyām vṛddhāyām iha kaḥ samāśvāsavān

4. When wealth and wives (dāra) increase, sorrow is indeed fitting, not contentment. When the delusion-illusion (mohamāyā) grows, who here can find solace?

Words meanings summery:

• धनदारेषु (dhanadāreṣu) - regarding wealth and family (in wealth and wives, among wealth and wives)

• वृद्धेषु (vṛddheṣu) - when they have increased or are abundant (in the increased, in the grown)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - fitting, appropriate (joined, fit, proper, appropriate)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तुष्टयः (tuṣṭayaḥ) - contentment (satisfactions, contentment)

• वृद्धायाम् (vṛddhāyām) - when grown intense, when fully developed (in the grown, in the increased, in the old)

• मोहमायायाम् (mohamāyāyām) - in the illusion of delusion, in the delusive illusion

• कः (kaḥ) - who (interrogative pronoun) (who, what, which)

• समाश्वासवान् (samāśvāsavān) - able to find solace or comfort (possessing solace, comforted, reassured)

• इह (iha) - here (in this situation or world) (here, in this world, in this case)

Words meanings and morphology

धनदारेषु (dhanadāreṣu) - regarding wealth and family (in wealth and wives, among wealth and wives)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dhanadāra

dhanadāra - wealth and wives (or wealth and family)

Compound type : dvandva (dhana+dāra)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• dāra – wife, wives
  noun (masculine)

Note: The locative plural indicates 'when these things are present/increasing'.

वृद्धेषु (vṛddheṣu) - when they have increased or are abundant (in the increased, in the grown)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - grown, increased, augmented, abundant, old

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛdh' (to grow) + suffix 'kta'.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness

Note: Acts as the subject of an implied verb 'is'.

युक्तम् (yuktam) - fitting, appropriate (joined, fit, proper, appropriate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, fit, proper, appropriate, engaged, prepared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yuj' (to join) + suffix 'kta'.

Root: yuj (class 7)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

तुष्टयः (tuṣṭayaḥ) - contentment (satisfactions, contentment)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tuṣṭi

tuṣṭi - satisfaction, contentment, gratification

Derived from root 'tuṣ' (to be pleased).

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to multiple instances of satisfaction or contentment as a general category.

वृद्धायाम् (vṛddhāyām) - when grown intense, when fully developed (in the grown, in the increased, in the old)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - grown, old, increased, large, fully developed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛdh' (to grow) + suffix 'kta'.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

मोहमायायाम् (mohamāyāyām) - in the illusion of delusion, in the delusive illusion

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mohamāyā

mohamāyā - delusive illusion, illusion caused by delusion, enchantment, infatuation and delusion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (moha+māyā)

• moha – delusion, infatuation, confusion, ignorance
  noun (masculine)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• māyā – illusion, magic, deception, appearance, cosmic illusion
  noun (feminine)
  Root: mā (class 2)

कः (kaḥ) - who (interrogative pronoun) (who, what, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Acts as the subject of the implied verb 'is'.

समाश्वासवान् (samāśvāsavān) - able to find solace or comfort (possessing solace, comforted, reassured)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāśvāsavat

samāśvāsavat - possessing solace, comforted, reassured, having confidence

Derived from noun 'samāśvāsa' (solace, comfort) with the possessive suffix '-vat'.

Note: Agrees with 'kaḥ'.

इह (iha) - here (in this situation or world) (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

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