योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-46, verse-28

सुशून्येऽपि न खिद्यन्ते देवोद्याने नसङ्गिनः ।
नियतिं च न मुञ्चन्ति महान्तो भास्करा इव ॥ २८ ॥

suśūnye'pi na khidyante devodyāne nasaṅginaḥ ,
niyatiṃ ca na muñcanti mahānto bhāskarā iva 28

28. suśūnye api na khidyante devodyāne nasaṅginaḥ
niyatim ca na muñcanti mahāntaḥ bhāskarāḥ iva

28. mahāntaḥ nasaṅginaḥ suśūnye api na khidyante
ca bhāskarāḥ iva niyatim na muñcanti

28. Even in a desolate place, the great, unattached (na-saṅginaḥ) ones are not distressed, nor do they abandon their fixed nature (niyati), just like suns.

Words meanings summery:

• सुशून्ये (suśūnye) - in a desolate, isolated place (in a very empty, desolate place)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• न (na) - not, nor

• खिद्यन्ते (khidyante) - they are distressed, they are sad, they are weary

• देवोद्याने (devodyāne) - in a celestial garden, in a divine garden

• नसङ्गिनः (nasaṅginaḥ) - those who are unattached (unattached, without attachment)

• नियतिम् (niyatim) - fixed nature, inherent law (destiny, fate, fixed order, inherent nature)

• च (ca) - and, nor (with na) (and, also, moreover)

• न (na) - not, nor

• मुञ्चन्ति (muñcanti) - they release, they abandon, they let go

• महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - great beings (great, noble, eminent ones)

• भास्कराः (bhāskarāḥ) - suns, sun gods

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

सुशून्ये (suśūnye) - in a desolate, isolated place (in a very empty, desolate place)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of suśūnya

suśūnya - very empty, desolate, barren

compound of su (intensive prefix) and śūnya (empty)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+śūnya)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• śūnya – empty, void, desolate, null
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Modifies an implied 'sthāne' (place).

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

खिद्यन्ते (khidyante) - they are distressed, they are sad, they are weary

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of khid

present middle

root khid (4th class, Atmanepada)

Root: khid (class 4)

Note: (often used in passive sense 'to be distressed')

देवोद्याने (devodyāne) - in a celestial garden, in a divine garden

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of devodyāna

devodyāna - celestial garden, divine park

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+udyāna)

• deva – god, divine, celestial
  noun (masculine)
• udyāna – garden, park, pleasure ground
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used as a separate locative phrase indicating a different context or additional location where they are not distressed.

नसङ्गिनः (nasaṅginaḥ) - those who are unattached (unattached, without attachment)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nasaṅgin

nasaṅgin - unattached, free from attachment, without affection

compound of na (negation) and saṅgin (attached)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+saṅgin)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• saṅgin – attached, clinging, adherent
  adjective (masculine)
  from saṅga (attachment)

Note: Qualifies 'mahāntaḥ'. Used substantively.

नियतिम् (niyatim) - fixed nature, inherent law (destiny, fate, fixed order, inherent nature)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niyati

niyati - destiny, fate, fixed rule, fixed order, inherent nature, natural law (dharma)

from ni + yam

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, nor (with na) (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Follows the word it connects. Here connects 'niyatiṁ' and the previous clause. 'nor do they abandon...'

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

मुञ्चन्ति (muñcanti) - they release, they abandon, they let go

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of muñc

present active

root muc (6th class, Parasmaipada)

Root: muc (class 6)

महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - great beings (great, noble, eminent ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, noble, eminent, important

Note: Used substantively (as a noun).

भास्कराः (bhāskarāḥ) - suns, sun gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun, sun god, maker of light

compound of bhās (light) and kara (maker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, luster, radiance
  noun (neuter)
• kara – maker, doing, causing
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used in comparison (with iva).

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

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