योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-9, verse-9

स्वधर्मं प्रतिपद्यस्व न धर्मं हातुमर्हसि ।
मुनेस्त्रिभुवनेशस्य वचनं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥ ९ ॥

svadharmaṃ pratipadyasva na dharmaṃ hātumarhasi ,
munestribhuvaneśasya vacanaṃ kartumarhasi 9

9. svadharmam pratipadyasva na dharmam hātum arhasi
muneḥ tribhuvaneśasya vacanam kartum arhasi

9. Uphold your own natural law (svadharma); you ought not to abandon your (intrinsic) nature (dharma). You should fulfill the command of the sage, who is the lord of the three worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - Referring to Dasharatha's duty as a king and his inherent righteous character. (one's own duty, one's own natural law, one's intrinsic nature)

• प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - undertake, accept, follow, acquire

• न (na) - not, no

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - Referring to his kingly duties and ethical commitments. (righteousness, natural law, duty)

• हातुम् (hātum) - to abandon, to give up, to forsake

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - 'You ought' or 'You should'. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - Refers to Viśvāmitra. (of the sage)

• त्रिभुवनेशस्य (tribhuvaneśasya) - Refers to Viśvāmitra, who is described with this epithet. (of the lord of the three worlds)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - Refers to Viśvāmitra's command or request. (word, speech, command, instruction)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to perform, to make

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - 'You should' or 'You ought'. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - Referring to Dasharatha's duty as a king and his inherent righteous character. (one's own duty, one's own natural law, one's intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own duty, one's own natural law, one's intrinsic nature, personal constitution

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'dharma'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
  Reflexive pronoun.
• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pratipadyasva'.

प्रतिपद्यस्व (pratipadyasva) - undertake, accept, follow, acquire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of pratipad

Middle voice imperative, 2nd person singular. From 'prati' + root 'pad' (to go, to fall).

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Command to Dasharatha.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the action 'hātum arhasi'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - Referring to his kingly duties and ethical commitments. (righteousness, natural law, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

हातुम् (hātum) - to abandon, to give up, to forsake

(verb)

active, infinitive of hā

Infinitive

From root 'hā' (to abandon) + 'tumun' suffix.

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Used with 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - 'You ought' or 'You should'. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, 2nd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the first two clauses.

मुनेः (muneḥ) - Refers to Viśvāmitra. (of the sage)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

i-stem masculine noun.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Possessive, 'of the sage'.

त्रिभुवनेशस्य (tribhuvaneśasya) - Refers to Viśvāmitra, who is described with this epithet. (of the lord of the three worlds)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tribhuvaneśa

tribhuvaneśa - lord of the three worlds

Compound of 'tribhuvana' (three worlds) and 'īśa' (lord). 'a+ī' -> 'e' (guṇa sandhi).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tribhuvana+īśa)

• tribhuvana – the three worlds (heaven, earth, underworld)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'tri' (three) and 'bhuvana' (world).
• īśa – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'īś' (to rule, to be master of).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'muneḥ'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - Refers to Viśvāmitra's command or request. (word, speech, command, instruction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, command, saying, instruction

From root 'vac' (to speak) + 'ana' suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kartum'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to perform, to make

(verb)

active, infinitive of kṛ

Infinitive

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + 'tumun' suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - 'You should' or 'You ought'. (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, 2nd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the second sentence.

Previous Verse Next Verse