वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-34, verse-29

तां प्राञ्जलिरभिक्रम्य मातृमध्ये ऽतिसत्कृताम् ।
रामः परमधर्मज्ञो मातरं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥२९॥

29. tāṃ prāñjalirabhikramya mātṛmadhye'tisatkṛtām ,
rāmaḥ paramadharmajño mātaraṃ vākyamabravīt.

29. tām prāñjaliḥ abhikramya mātṛmadhye ati-satkṛtām
rāmaḥ parama-dharma-jñaḥ mātaram vākyam abravīt

29. rāmaḥ parama-dharma-jñaḥ prāñjaliḥ mātṛmadhye
ati-satkṛtām tām mātaram abhikramya vākyam abravīt

29. Rama, who knew the highest natural law (dharma), approached his highly honored mother, who was amidst the other mothers, with folded hands and spoke these words to her.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (referring to his mother, Kaushalya) (her, that one)

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (indicating reverence) (with folded hands, reverent, respectful)

• अभिक्रम्य (abhikramya) - having approached (having approached, after approaching)

• मातृमध्ये (mātṛmadhye) - amidst the other mothers (of Rama) (amidst mothers, in the middle of mothers)

• अति-सत्कृताम् (ati-satkṛtām) - highly honored (by all) (highly honored, greatly revered)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama (Rama (name of a legendary prince))

• परम-धर्म-ज्ञः (parama-dharma-jñaḥ) - knowing the highest natural law (dharma) (knowing the supreme natural law, knowing the highest righteousness)

• मातरम् (mātaram) - his mother (Kaushalya) (mother)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words (speech, word, utterance)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (referring to his mother, Kaushalya) (her, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (indicating reverence) (with folded hands, reverent, respectful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands, respectful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, onward, forth
  indeclinable
• añjali – the hollow formed by folding the hands, folded hands (as a gesture of respect or reverence)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Adjective agreeing with Rāmaḥ.

अभिक्रम्य (abhikramya) - having approached (having approached, after approaching)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix 'abhi' + root 'kram' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: kram (class 1)

मातृमध्ये (mātṛmadhye) - amidst the other mothers (of Rama) (amidst mothers, in the middle of mothers)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mātṛmadhya

mātṛmadhya - middle of mothers, amidst mothers

Compound type : tatpurusha (mātṛ+madhya)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)

अति-सत्कृताम् (ati-satkṛtām) - highly honored (by all) (highly honored, greatly revered)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of atisatkṛta

atisatkṛta - highly honored, greatly respected

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'ati' (prefix) + 'sat' (good, true) + 'kṛta' (done, made).

Compound type : tatpurusha/karmadhāraya (ati+satkṛta)

• ati – exceeding, very, beyond
  indeclinable
• satkṛta – honored, respected, treated well
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from 'sat' (prefix/adverb) + 'kṛ' (root) + '-ta' (PPP suffix).
  Prefix: sat
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agreeing with Tām mātaram.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Prince Rama (Rama (name of a legendary prince))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, pleasant, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

परम-धर्म-ज्ञः (parama-dharma-jñaḥ) - knowing the highest natural law (dharma) (knowing the supreme natural law, knowing the highest righteousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramadharmajña

paramadharmajña - knower of the supreme natural law (dharma), one who knows highest righteousness

Compound type : tatpurusha (parama+dharma+jña)

• parama – highest, supreme, ultimate
  adjective
• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, knower of
  adjective
  Derived from root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Adjective agreeing with Rāmaḥ.

मातरम् (mātaram) - his mother (Kaushalya) (mother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Object of abravīt (spoke to).

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - these words (speech, word, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, utterance

From 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root 'brū' (alternative root 'vac').

Root: brū (class 2)

Previous Verse Next Verse