महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-41, verse-1

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
य उत्पन्नो महान्पूर्वमहंकारः स उच्यते ।
अहमित्येव संभूतो द्वितीयः सर्ग उच्यते ॥१॥

1. brahmovāca ,
ya utpanno mahānpūrvamahaṁkāraḥ sa ucyate ,
ahamityeva saṁbhūto dvitīyaḥ sarga ucyate.

1. brahmā uvāca yaḥ utpannaḥ mahān pūrvam ahaṅkāraḥ saḥ
ucyate aham iti eva saṃbhūtaḥ dvitīyaḥ sargaḥ ucyate

1. brahmā uvāca.
yaḥ mahān pūrvam utpannaḥ,
saḥ ahaṅkāraḥ ucyate.
aham iti eva saṃbhūtaḥ dvitīyaḥ sargaḥ ucyate.

1. Brahmā said: That which was first produced as the great one is called ego (ahaṅkāra). That which originated merely as 'I' is called the second creation.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - produced, arisen, originated

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, previously, formerly

• अहङ्कारः (ahaṅkāraḥ) - ego (ahaṅkāra) (ego, egoism, self-consciousness)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

• अहम् (aham) - I

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• एव (eva) - only, just, merely, indeed

• संभूतः (saṁbhūtaḥ) - originated, arisen, produced

• द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second

• सर्गः (sargaḥ) - creation, emanation, chapter

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmā

brahmā - Brahmā, the creator god

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of vac

Perfect Indicative

Derived from root `vac` (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - produced, arisen, originated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utpanna

utpanna - produced, arisen, originated, born

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `pad` (to go, fall) with prefix `ut-` (up, forth).

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, eminent

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, previously, formerly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb here.

अहङ्कारः (ahaṅkāraḥ) - ego (ahaṅkāra) (ego, egoism, self-consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahaṅkāra

ahaṅkāra - ego, egoism, self-consciousness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aham+kāra)

• aham – I, ego
  pronoun
• kāra – maker, doer, act of making
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (lat) of vac

Present Indicative

Derived from root `vac` (to speak); passive voice with middle endings.

Root: vac (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, merely, indeed

(indeclinable)

संभूतः (saṁbhūtaḥ) - originated, arisen, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhūta

saṁbhūta - originated, arisen, produced, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `bhū` (to be, become) with prefix `sam-` (together, completely).

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvitīya

dvitīya - second, secondary

सर्गः (sargaḥ) - creation, emanation, chapter

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarga

sarga - creation, emanation, section, chapter

Root: sṛj (class 6)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (lat) of vac

Present Indicative

Derived from root `vac` (to speak); passive voice with middle endings.

Root: vac (class 2)