महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-45, verse-23

वश्यां कुमारीं विहितां ये च तामुपभुञ्जते ।
एते पापस्य कर्तारस्तमस्यन्धेऽथ शेरते ॥२३॥

23. vaśyāṁ kumārīṁ vihitāṁ ye ca tāmupabhuñjate ,
ete pāpasya kartārastamasyandhe'tha śerate.

23. vaśyām kumārīm vihitām ye ca tām upabhuñjate
ete pāpasya kartāraḥ tamasi andhe atha śerate

23. ye ca vaśyām vihitām kumārīm tām upabhuñjate,
ete pāpasya kartāraḥ.
atha andhe tamasi śerate.

23. And those who exploit a compliant maiden who has been properly given (into care or marriage) are perpetrators of sin; they shall then lie in profound darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• वश्याम् (vaśyām) - obedient, submissive, controllable

• कुमारीम् (kumārīm) - a maiden, a young girl, virgin

• विहिताम् (vihitām) - properly given (in marriage or care) (arranged, ordained, appointed, given, provided for, proper)

• ये (ye) - those who

• च (ca) - and, also

• ताम् (tām) - that maiden (her, that (feminine singular accusative))

• उपभुञ्जते (upabhuñjate) - they exploit (sexually or by misuse) (they enjoy, they exploit, they make use of)

• एते (ete) - these

• पापस्य (pāpasya) - of sin, of evil

• कर्तारः (kartāraḥ) - doers, perpetrators, creators

• तमसि (tamasi) - in deep darkness (in darkness, in gloom)

• अन्धे (andhe) - in profound (darkness) (in blind, in deep, in obscure)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

• शेरते (śerate) - they lie down, they sleep

Words meanings and morphology

वश्याम् (vaśyām) - obedient, submissive, controllable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaśyā

vaśya - obedient, submissive, docile, tractable

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root √vaś (to wish, to control)

Root: vaś (class 2)

कुमारीम् (kumārīm) - a maiden, a young girl, virgin

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kumārī

kumārī - a maiden, a young girl, virgin; a daughter

विहिताम् (vihitām) - properly given (in marriage or care) (arranged, ordained, appointed, given, provided for, proper)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vihitā

vihita - arranged, ordained, appointed, given, bestowed, proper, lawful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb √dhā (to place, put) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, whoever

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that maiden (her, that (feminine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

उपभुञ्जते (upabhuñjate) - they exploit (sexually or by misuse) (they enjoy, they exploit, they make use of)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of upabhuñj

Present tense, Atmanepada

From root √bhuj (to enjoy, eat) with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: bhuj (class 7)

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

पापस्य (pāpasya) - of sin, of evil

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wickedness; sinful, evil (as adjective)

कर्तारः (kartāraḥ) - doers, perpetrators, creators

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent, creator

Agent noun

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तमसि (tamasi) - in deep darkness (in darkness, in gloom)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom; ignorance

अन्धे (andhe) - in profound (darkness) (in blind, in deep, in obscure)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark, obscure, deep

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

शेरते (śerate) - they lie down, they sleep

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present tense, Atmanepada

From root √śī (to lie, sleep)

Root: śī (class 2)

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