महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-45, verse-3

अथ चेत्साहरेच्छुल्कं क्रीता शुल्कप्रदस्य सा ।
तस्यार्थेऽपत्यमीहेत येन न्यायेन शक्नुयात् ॥३॥

3. atha cetsāharecchulkaṁ krītā śulkapradasya sā ,
tasyārthe'patyamīheta yena nyāyena śaknuyāt.

3. atha cet sā haret śulkaṃ krītā śulkapradasya sā
tasyāḥ arthe apatyam īheta yena nyāyena śaknuyāt

3. atha cet sā śulkaṃ haret sā śulkapradasya krītā
tasyāḥ arthe yena nyāyena śaknuyāt apatyam īheta

3. Now, if she accepts the bride-price, she is deemed acquired by the one who paid it. For her sake, he should desire offspring through her, by whatever natural law (nyāya) he is able.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now (then, now, therefore, moreover, next)

• चेत् (cet) - if (if, whether, in case that)

• सा (sā) - she (the woman) (she, that (feminine))

• हरेत् (haret) - she accepts (she should take, she might take, he should take, he might take)

• शुल्कं (śulkaṁ) - bride-price (bride-price, fee, tax, toll)

• क्रीता (krītā) - acquired by purchase (referring to the woman) (bought, purchased)

• शुल्कप्रदस्य (śulkapradasya) - of the one who paid the bride-price (of the one who gives the price/fee)

• सा (sā) - she (the woman, again referring to her status) (she, that (feminine))

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - for her (sake) (of her, for her)

• अर्थे (arthe) - for her sake (for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the matter of)

• अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring (offspring, child, descendant)

• ईहेत (īheta) - he should desire (he should desire, he might strive for)

• येन (yena) - by which (by which, by whom)

• न्यायेन (nyāyena) - by natural law (nyāya) (by justice, by rule, by method, by natural law)

• शक्नुयात् (śaknuyāt) - he may be able (he might be able, he should be able)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now (then, now, therefore, moreover, next)

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if (if, whether, in case that)

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she (the woman) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine nominative singular of 'tad'.

हरेत् (haret) - she accepts (she should take, she might take, he should take, he might take)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

शुल्कं (śulkaṁ) - bride-price (bride-price, fee, tax, toll)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śulka

śulka - bride-price, fee, tax, toll

Note: Accusative singular of 'śulka' (masculine noun).

क्रीता (krītā) - acquired by purchase (referring to the woman) (bought, purchased)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of krīta

krīta - bought, purchased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krī' (to buy) + -ta suffix.

Root: krī (class 9)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of the past passive participle 'krīta'.

शुल्कप्रदस्य (śulkapradasya) - of the one who paid the bride-price (of the one who gives the price/fee)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śulkaprada

śulkaprada - giver of a price/fee

Compound of śulka (price) and prada (giver).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śulka+prada)

• śulka – bride-price, fee, tax, toll
  noun (masculine)
• prada – giving, presenting, bestowing (agent noun)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pra' (prefix) + 'dā' (to give) with an -a suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Genitive singular of 'śulkaprada' (masculine noun).

सा (sā) - she (the woman, again referring to her status) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine nominative singular of 'tad'.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - for her (sake) (of her, for her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine genitive singular of 'tad'.

अर्थे (arthe) - for her sake (for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the matter of)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, object, sake

Note: Locative singular of 'artha' (masculine noun), often used to indicate purpose ('for the sake of').

अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring (offspring, child, descendant)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apatya

apatya - offspring, child, descendant

Note: Accusative singular of 'apatya' (neuter noun).

ईहेत (īheta) - he should desire (he should desire, he might strive for)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of īh

Root: īh (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, optative.

येन (yena) - by which (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Instrumental singular of 'yad' (masculine/neuter pronoun, here referring to 'nyāya').

न्यायेन (nyāyena) - by natural law (nyāya) (by justice, by rule, by method, by natural law)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nyāya

nyāya - rule, method, justice, law, natural law

Formed with prefix 'ni' + root 'i'.

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Instrumental singular of 'nyāya' (masculine noun).

शक्नुयात् (śaknuyāt) - he may be able (he might be able, he should be able)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, optative.

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