महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-45, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
यापुत्रकस्याप्यरिक्थस्य प्रतिपत्सा तदा भवेत् ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
yāputrakasyāpyarikthasya pratipatsā tadā bhavet.

2. bhīṣma uvāca yā aputrakasya api
arikthasya pratipat sā tadā bhavet

2. Bhīṣma said: 'The course of action (pratipatti) that applies to one who is sonless and without property, that same (course of action) should be adopted then.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma, the grand-uncle of the Pandavas and Kauravas (Bhīṣma (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• या (yā) - that which (feminine, refers to `pratipat`) (who, which (feminine))

• अपुत्रकस्य (aputrakasya) - of one who is sonless (of one without a son)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• अरिक्थस्य (arikthasya) - of one without property or an heir (of one without an inheritance, without property)

• प्रतिपत् (pratipat) - course of action (course of action, decision, understanding)

• सा (sā) - that (same course of action) (she, that (feminine))

• तदा (tadā) - then, in that situation (then, at that time)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be applicable (should be, would be, may be)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma, the grand-uncle of the Pandavas and Kauravas (Bhīṣma (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (lit. 'terrible, formidable')

From root `bhīṣ` (to frighten)

Root: bhīṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form from root `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

या (yā) - that which (feminine, refers to `pratipat`) (who, which (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

Feminine nominative singular.

अपुत्रकस्य (aputrakasya) - of one who is sonless (of one without a son)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aputraka

aputraka - sonless, childless

Bahuvrihi compound: `a` (not) + `putra` (son) + `ka` (diminutive/possessive suffix).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+putra+ka)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  From root `pu` (to purify, hell) + `tra` (savior).
  Root: pu (class 1)
• ka – a suffix indicating possession or diminutive
  suffix (masculine)
  Adjectival suffix.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

अरिक्थस्य (arikthasya) - of one without property or an heir (of one without an inheritance, without property)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ariktha

ariktha - without inheritance, without property, heirless

Bahuvrihi compound: `a` (not) + `riktha` (inheritance, property).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+riktha)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• riktha – inheritance, property, wealth
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `ric` (to leave).
  Root: ric (class 7)

Note: Agrees with `aputrakasya`.

प्रतिपत् (pratipat) - course of action (course of action, decision, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pratipatti

pratipatti - understanding, attainment, course of action, resolve

From `prati` + root `pad` (to go).

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 1)

सा (sā) - that (same course of action) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

Feminine nominative singular.

तदा (tadā) - then, in that situation (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Adverb from `tad` (that) + `dā` suffix.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be applicable (should be, would be, may be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

optative mood, 3rd person singular

From root `bhū`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

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