योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-89, verse-33

कशाहतावखिन्नौ तावेवमेव किलोचतुः ।
अन्यस्माच्छासनाद्राज्ञा कल्पिताच्च पुनः पुनः ॥ ३३ ॥

kaśāhatāvakhinnau tāvevameva kilocatuḥ ,
anyasmācchāsanādrājñā kalpitācca punaḥ punaḥ 33

33. kaśāhatau akhinnau tau evam eva kila ūcatuḥ
anyasmāt śāsanāt rājñā kalpitāt ca punaḥ punaḥ

33. kaśāhatau akhinnau tau evam eva kila ūcatuḥ
rājñā kalpitāt anyasmāt śāsanāt ca punaḥ punaḥ

33. Though struck by whips, they both remained undaunted. Indeed, they spoke to the king exactly as before, even when subjected to various other commands repeatedly decreed by him.

Words meanings summery:

• कशाहतौ (kaśāhatau) - struck by whips

• अखिन्नौ (akhinnau) - not distressed, undaunted

• तौ (tau) - Refers to the two persons described. (they both)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, exactly

• किल (kila) - indeed, verily, it is said

• ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they both spoke

• अन्यस्मात् (anyasmāt) - from another, from a different

• शासनात् (śāsanāt) - from command, from order, from decree

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• कल्पितात् (kalpitāt) - from that which was decreed, from that which was arranged

• च (ca) - and

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again

Words meanings and morphology

कशाहतौ (kaśāhatau) - struck by whips

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kaśāhata

kaśāhata - struck or beaten by a whip

Past Passive Participle (for āhata)

Tatpurusha compound. āhata is derived from root han (to strike) with ā- prefix.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kaśā+āhata)

• kaśā – whip, scourge
  noun (feminine)
• āhata – struck, beaten, smitten
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

अखिन्नौ (akhinnau) - not distressed, undaunted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of akhinna

akhinna - not distressed, unwearied, undaunted

Negative compound with 'a-'. khinna is a Past Passive Participle from khid (to be distressed).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+khinna)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• khinna – distressed, sad, weary, depressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root khid (to be distressed) with suffix -na.
  Root: khid (class 6)

तौ (tau) - Refers to the two persons described. (they both)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

किल (kila) - indeed, verily, it is said

(indeclinable)

ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - they both spoke

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Reduplicated form, 3rd person dual. Root vac (to speak) has irregular perfect forms.

Root: vac (class 2)

अन्यस्मात् (anyasmāt) - from another, from a different

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Declines like a pronominal adjective, here qualifying śāsanāt.

शासनात् (śāsanāt) - from command, from order, from decree

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, order, rule, instruction, government

From root śās (to command, instruct).

Root: śās (class 2)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, monarch

कल्पितात् (kalpitāt) - from that which was decreed, from that which was arranged

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kalpita

kalpita - arranged, settled, created, decreed, imagined, fabricated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kḷp (to arrange, form) with suffix -ita.

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Qualifies śāsanāt.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again

(indeclinable)

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