योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-89, verse-19

ततः सा तेन षिङ्गेन सहेन्द्रेण रतिं ययौ ।
कस्मिंश्चित्सदने गुप्ते बहुमाल्यविलेपना ॥ १९ ॥

tataḥ sā tena ṣiṅgena sahendreṇa ratiṃ yayau ,
kasmiṃścitsadane gupte bahumālyavilepanā 19

19. tataḥ sā tena ṣiṅgena saha indreṇa ratim yayau
kasmin cit sadane gupte bahumālyavilepanā

19. tataḥ sā bahumālyavilepanā,
tena ṣiṅgena saha indreṇa,
kasmin cit gupte sadane ratim yayau

19. Then she, adorned with many garlands and unguents, attained sexual pleasure (rati) with that Indra—who appeared with that distinctive mark (liṅga)—in some secret dwelling.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)

• सा (sā) - she (Ahalyā) (she, that (feminine))

• तेन (tena) - by that (distinctive mark/disguise) (by that, with that (masculine/neuter))

• षिङ्गेन (ṣiṅgena) - by the distinctive mark/disguise (or phallus) (by the horn, by the mark/sign (problematic))

• सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

• इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - with Indra (by Indra, with Indra)

• रतिम् (ratim) - sexual pleasure (rati) (love, pleasure, sexual pleasure)

• ययौ (yayau) - she had, she attained (he/she went, departed, attained)

• कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in some (in which, in some)

• चित् (cit) - (forms an indefinite pronoun) some (even, indeed, some, any)

• सदने (sadane) - in a dwelling (in the house, in the dwelling)

• गुप्ते (gupte) - in a secret (dwelling) (in a hidden, in a secret)

• बहुमाल्यविलेपना (bahumālyavilepanā) - adorned with many garlands and unguents

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `tad` (that) with the suffix `-tas`.

सा (sā) - she (Ahalyā) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Refers to Ahalyā.

तेन (tena) - by that (distinctive mark/disguise) (by that, with that (masculine/neuter))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Refers to the `ṣiṅga`.

षिङ्गेन (ṣiṅgena) - by the distinctive mark/disguise (or phallus) (by the horn, by the mark/sign (problematic))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ṣiṅga

ṣiṅga - (problematic word, likely a scribal error for `liṅga`), horn, sign, mark, penis.

The Devanagari is `षिङ्ग`. While `śṛṅga` (horn, peak) is known, `ṣiṅga` is not a standard Sanskrit word with a clear meaning. It is highly probable that this is a textual corruption of `liṅga` (लिङ्ग), which means mark, sign, characteristic, or phallus, and would fit the context of Indra disguising himself as Gautama (taking his *mark* or *form*) or an explicit reference to the act.

Note: Qualifies the means of `rati`.

सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - with Indra (by Indra, with Indra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (name of a deity), chief, lord

Masculine noun.

रतिम् (ratim) - sexual pleasure (rati) (love, pleasure, sexual pleasure)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rati

rati - pleasure, joy, delight, sexual desire, love, union

Feminine noun. From root `ram` (to delight, to enjoy).

Root: ram (class 1)

ययौ (yayau) - she had, she attained (he/she went, departed, attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of yā

Perfect Tense (Reduplicated Preterite)

3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: yā (class 2)

कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in some (in which, in some)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

Note: Combines with `cit` to form an indefinite pronoun.

चित् (cit) - (forms an indefinite pronoun) some (even, indeed, some, any)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

सदने (sadane) - in a dwelling (in the house, in the dwelling)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sadana

sadana - dwelling, house, abode, seat

From root `sad` (to sit, to settle).

Root: sad (class 1)

गुप्ते (gupte) - in a secret (dwelling) (in a hidden, in a secret)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gupta

gupta - hidden, secret, protected, guarded

Past Passive Participle

From root `gup` (to protect, to hide).

Root: gup (class 1)

बहुमाल्यविलेपना (bahumālyavilepanā) - adorned with many garlands and unguents

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bahumālyavilepana

bahumālyavilepana - having many garlands and unguents

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+mālya+vilepana)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (neuter)
• mālya – garland, wreath
  noun (neuter)
• vilepana – ointment, unguent, anointing
  noun (neuter)
  From root `lip` (to smear) with prefix `vi`
  Prefix: vi
  Root: lip (class 6)

Note: Describes `sā` (Ahalyā).

Previous Verse Next Verse