वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-98, verse-4

कुशस्य नगरी रम्या विन्ध्यपर्वतरोधसि ।
कुशावतीति नाम्ना सा कृता रामेण धीमता ॥४॥

4. kuśasya nagarī ramyā vindhyaparvatarodhasi ,
kuśāvatīti nāmnā sā kṛtā rāmeṇa dhīmatā.

4. kuśasya nagarī ramyā vindhyaparvatarodhasi
kuśāvatī iti nāmnā sā kṛtā rāmeṇa dhīmatā

4. dhīmatā rāmeṇa vindhyaparvatarodhasi
kuśasya ramyā nagarī kuśāvatī nāmnā sā kṛtā

4. A charming city, Kuśāvatī by name, was built by the wise (dhīmat) Rāma for (his son) Kuśa on the slopes of the Vindhya mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• कुशस्य (kuśasya) - of (Rāma's son) Kuśa (of Kuśa)

• नगरी (nagarī) - city

• रम्या (ramyā) - charming, beautiful, delightful

• विन्ध्यपर्वतरोधसि (vindhyaparvatarodhasi) - on the slopes of the Vindhya mountain

• कुशावती (kuśāvatī) - Kuśāvatī (name of a city)

• इति (iti) - indicating that 'Kuśāvatī' is the name (thus, so, indicating a quote or name)

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

• सा (sā) - that (city) (that, she)

• कृता (kṛtā) - was created/built (made, done, created)

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the wise (Rāma) (by the wise one, by the intelligent one)

Words meanings and morphology

कुशस्य (kuśasya) - of (Rāma's son) Kuśa (of Kuśa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kuśa

kuśa - name of a son of Rāma; a type of sacred grass

नगरी (nagarī) - city

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nagarī

nagarī - a city, town

रम्या (ramyā) - charming, beautiful, delightful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ramya

ramya - delightful, pleasing, charming, beautiful

Gerundive

Derived from root RAM (to delight) with suffix -ya.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `nagarī`.

विन्ध्यपर्वतरोधसि (vindhyaparvatarodhasi) - on the slopes of the Vindhya mountain

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vindhyaparvatarodhas

vindhyaparvatarodhas - slopes/side of the Vindhya mountain

Compound type : tatpurusha (vindhya+parvata+rodhas)

• vindhya – the Vindhya mountain range
  proper noun (masculine)
• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• rodhas – bank, shore, slope, side
  noun (neuter)

कुशावती (kuśāvatī) - Kuśāvatī (name of a city)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kuśāvatī

kuśāvatī - name of a city, founded by Kuśa

इति (iti) - indicating that 'Kuśāvatī' is the name (thus, so, indicating a quote or name)

(indeclinable)

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, noun

सा (sā) - that (city) (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it, she, he

Note: Refers to `nagarī`.

कृता (kṛtā) - was created/built (made, done, created)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed; deed, action

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root KṚ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `nagarī` and `sā`.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu); pleasing, charming; dark, black

Note: Agent in passive construction.

धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the wise (Rāma) (by the wise one, by the intelligent one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, clever; an intelligent person

Possessive suffix -mat added to dhī (intellect).

Note: Agrees with `rāmeṇa`.

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