वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-98, verse-23

प्रजाः संरक्ष धर्मेण
नोत्तरं वक्तुमर्हसि ॥२३॥

23. prajāḥ saṃrakṣa dharmeṇa
nottaraṃ vaktumarhasi.

23. prajāḥ saṃrakṣa dharmeṇa
na uttaram vaktum arhasi

23. prajāḥ dharmeṇa saṃrakṣa;
uttaram vaktum na arhasi

23. Protect the people (prajā) in accordance with (your) natural law (dharma); you should not offer any further arguments.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the people (people, subjects, offspring)

• संरक्ष (saṁrakṣa) - protect (protect, guard, preserve)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with (your) natural law (dharma) (by dharma, by duty, by righteousness, by law)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - a further reply/argument (reply, answer; later, subsequent; north)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to offer (to speak, to say)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the people (people, subjects, offspring)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creatures

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of saṃrakṣa.

संरक्ष (saṁrakṣa) - protect (protect, guard, preserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of saṃrakṣ

imperative mood, Parasmaipada, 2nd person singular

prefix sam + root rakṣ (to protect) + a (imperative ending)

Prefix: sam

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with (your) natural law (dharma) (by dharma, by duty, by righteousness, by law)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrumental case indicates 'by means of' or 'in accordance with'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - a further reply/argument (reply, answer; later, subsequent; north)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - later, subsequent, upper, north, answer, reply

Note: Object of vaktum.

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to offer (to speak, to say)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

root vac (to speak) + tum (infinitive suffix)

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

present tense, Parasmaipada, 2nd person singular

root arh (to deserve) + a (class sign) + si (2nd singular ending)

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Used with infinitive to express obligation or capability.

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