वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-98, verse-21

एवं तेषां वचः श्रुत्वा ऋष्कवानररक्षसाम् ।
विभीषणमथोवाच मधुरं श्लक्ष्णया गिरा ॥२१॥

21. evaṃ teṣāṃ vacaḥ śrutvā ṛṣkavānararakṣasām ,
vibhīṣaṇamathovāca madhuraṃ ślakṣṇayā girā.

21. evam teṣām vacaḥ śrutvā ṛṣkavānararakṣasām
vibhīṣaṇam atha uvāca madhuram ślakṣṇayā girā

21. evam teṣām ṛṣkavānararakṣasām vacaḥ śrutvā,
atha vibhīṣaṇam madhuram ślakṣṇayā girā uvāca

21. Having thus heard the words of those bears, monkeys, and rākṣasas, he then spoke to Vibhīṣaṇa sweetly with a gentle voice.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (of them, to them)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, saying)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• ऋष्कवानररक्षसाम् (ṛṣkavānararakṣasām) - of the bears, monkeys, and rākṣasas

• विभीषणम् (vibhīṣaṇam) - to Vibhīṣaṇa

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, spoke)

• मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweetly (sweet, pleasant, delightful; sweetly)

• श्लक्ष्णया (ślakṣṇayā) - by gentle (by smooth, by gentle, by soft)

• गिरा (girā) - by voice (by voice, by speech)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: masculine/neuter genitive plural

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of śrutvā.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root śru (to hear) + tvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: śru (class 5)

ऋष्कवानररक्षसाम् (ṛṣkavānararakṣasām) - of the bears, monkeys, and rākṣasas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣkavānararakṣas

ṛṣkavānararakṣas - bears, monkeys, and rākṣasas (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (ṛṣka+vānara+rakṣas)

• ṛṣka – bear
  noun (masculine)
• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• rakṣas – rākṣasa (demon)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound of ṛṣka (bear), vānara (monkey), and rakṣas (rākṣasa).

विभीषणम् (vibhīṣaṇam) - to Vibhīṣaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhīṣaṇa

vibhīṣaṇa - Vibhīṣaṇa (brother of Rāvaṇa); terrifying, frightful

Note: Object of uvāca.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

root vac (to speak) + Perfect tense formation (reduplication and vṛddhi)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Implied subject is Rāma.

मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweetly (sweet, pleasant, delightful; sweetly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here, modifying the verb 'uvāca'.

श्लक्ष्णया (ślakṣṇayā) - by gentle (by smooth, by gentle, by soft)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ślakṣṇa

ślakṣṇa - smooth, soft, gentle, delicate

Note: Agrees with girā.

गिरा (girā) - by voice (by voice, by speech)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - voice, speech, word

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