वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-85, verse-21

यदि बुद्धिः कृता राजञ् श्रवणाय महारथ ।
कर्मान्तरे क्षणी हूतस्तच्छृणुष्व सहानुजः ॥२१॥

21. yadi buddhiḥ kṛtā rājañ śravaṇāya mahāratha ,
karmāntare kṣaṇī hūtastacchṛṇuṣva sahānujaḥ.

21. yadi buddhiḥ kṛtā rājan śravaṇāya mahāratha
karmāntare kṣaṇī hūtaḥ tat śṛṇuṣva sahānujaḥ

21. rājan mahāratha yadi buddhiḥ śravaṇāya kṛtā
karmāntare kṣaṇī hūtaḥ tat sahānujaḥ śṛṇuṣva

21. If, O king, O great warrior, your mind is set on listening, and you have been called at an opportune moment between other actions (karma), then listen to that, along with your younger brother.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, intention, mind

• कृता (kṛtā) - set (mind) (made, done, performed, set)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• श्रवणाय (śravaṇāya) - for listening, in order to hear

• महारथ (mahāratha) - O great warrior, O one with a great chariot

• कर्मान्तरे (karmāntare) - in the interval of actions, between duties

• क्षणी (kṣaṇī) - at leisure, having leisure, opportune

• हूतः (hūtaḥ) - called, invited

• तत् (tat) - that (matter to be heard) (that, therefore)

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen!, hear!

• सहानुजः (sahānujaḥ) - with your younger brother

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, intention, mind

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, intention, mind, wisdom

Derived from '√budh' (to know, understand).

From '√budh' + 'kti' suffix.

Root: budh (class 1)

कृता (kṛtā) - set (mind) (made, done, performed, set)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed, completed, effect

Past Passive Participle

From '√kṛ' (to do, make) + 'kta' (past passive participle suffix).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'buddhiḥ' (feminine nominative singular).

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root '√rāj' (to rule, shine).

Root: rāj (class 1)

श्रवणाय (śravaṇāya) - for listening, in order to hear

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of śravaṇa

śravaṇa - act of hearing, listening, ear

verbal noun

From '√śru' (to hear) + 'ana' suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Expresses purpose.

महारथ (mahāratha) - O great warrior, O one with a great chariot

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, one who fights from a great chariot

Bahuvrihi compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ratha' (chariot), meaning 'one who has a great chariot' or 'a great warrior'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh

कर्मान्तरे (karmāntare) - in the interval of actions, between duties

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of karmāntara

karmāntara - interval of action, another action, in the middle of a task

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'karma' (action, duty) and 'antara' (interval, space between).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karma+antara)

• karma – action, deed, work, duty (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From '√kṛ' (to do) + 'man' suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• antara – interval, space between, other, inner
  noun (neuter)

क्षणी (kṣaṇī) - at leisure, having leisure, opportune

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇin

kṣaṇin - having leisure, at leisure, opportune, temporary

From 'kṣaṇa' (moment, leisure) + 'in' (possessive suffix).

Note: Refers to the implied subject 'you' (the king).

हूतः (hūtaḥ) - called, invited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hūta

hūta - called, invited, invoked

Past Passive Participle

From '√hvā' (to call) + 'kta' (past passive participle suffix). 'hvā' often changes to 'hū' in participles.

Root: hvā (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (matter to be heard) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun stem.

Note: Functions as the object of 'śṛṇuṣva'.

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen!, hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative 2nd person singular middle voice

From '√śru' (class 5 verb, 'śṛṇo' stem) + 'sva' (middle voice imperative 2nd singular ending).

Root: śru (class 5)

सहानुजः (sahānujaḥ) - with your younger brother

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahānuja

sahānuja - accompanied by one's younger brother, with a younger brother

Bahuvrihi compound of 'saha' (with) and 'anuja' (younger brother).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saha+anuja)

• saha – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• anuja – younger brother
  noun (masculine)
  From 'anu' (after) + '√jan' (to be born) + 'ḍa' suffix.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to the implied subject of 'śṛṇuṣva'.

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