वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-8, verse-4

पराङ्मुखवधं पापं यः करोति सुरेश्वर ।
स हन्ता न गतः स्वर्गं लभते पुण्यकर्मणाम् ॥४॥

4. parāṅmukhavadhaṃ pāpaṃ yaḥ karoti sureśvara ,
sa hantā na gataḥ svargaṃ labhate puṇyakarmaṇām.

4. parāṅmukhvadham pāpam yaḥ karoti sureśvara saḥ
hantā na gataḥ svargam labhate puṇyakarmaṇām

4. sureśvara yaḥ parāṅmukhvadham pāpam karoti saḥ
hantā svargam na gataḥ puṇyakarmaṇām labhate

4. O lord of gods, whoever commits the sin of killing a fleeing person, that killer does not reach heaven nor obtain the rewards of those with meritorious deeds.

Words meanings summery:

• पराङ्मुख्वधम् (parāṅmukhvadham) - killing of one who has turned away or is fleeing

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil deed

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• करोति (karoti) - does, performs, makes

• सुरेश्वर (sureśvara) - O lord of gods

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• हन्ता (hantā) - a killer, slayer

• न (na) - not

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, reached

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial abode

• लभते (labhate) - obtains, gains, receives

• पुण्यकर्मणाम् (puṇyakarmaṇām) - of those of meritorious deeds

Words meanings and morphology

पराङ्मुख्वधम् (parāṅmukhvadham) - killing of one who has turned away or is fleeing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parāṅmukhvadha

parāṅmukhvadha - the act of killing (vadha) one who has turned their face away (parāṅmukha)

Compound type : tatpurusha (parāṅmukha+vadha)

• parāṅmukha – having the face turned away, averted, fleeing
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefixes: parā+añc
• vadha – killing, slaying, striking
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vadh (class 1)

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil deed

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, sin, wicked act

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

करोति (karoti) - does, performs, makes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुरेश्वर (sureśvara) - O lord of gods

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sureśvara

sureśvara - lord of gods (sura + īśvara)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sura+īśvara)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

हन्ता (hantā) - a killer, slayer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantṛ

hantṛ - killer, slayer (agent noun from √han)

Agent Noun

Root: han (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Root: gam (class 1)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial abode

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial world

लभते (labhate) - obtains, gains, receives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)

पुण्यकर्मणाम् (puṇyakarmaṇām) - of those of meritorious deeds

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puṇyakarman

puṇyakarman - one whose deeds are meritorious, righteous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (puṇya+karman)

• puṇya – meritorious, virtuous, righteous; merit, virtue
  adjective (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

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