वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-8, verse-2

संरक्तनयनः कोपाच्चलन्मौलिर्निशाचरः ।
पद्मनाभमिदं प्राह वचनं परुषं तदा ॥२॥

2. saṃraktanayanaḥ kopāccalanmaulirniśācaraḥ ,
padmanābhamidaṃ prāha vacanaṃ paruṣaṃ tadā.

2. saṃraktanayanaḥ kopāt calanmauliḥ niśācaraḥ
padmanābham idam prāha vacanam paruṣam tadā

2. tadā saṃraktanayanaḥ kopāt calanmauliḥ
niśācaraḥ idam paruṣam vacanam padmanābham prāha

2. Then, the night-wanderer (niśācara), with eyes red from anger and a trembling crown, spoke these harsh words to Padmanābha.

Words meanings summery:

• संरक्तनयनः (saṁraktanayanaḥ) - having bloodshot eyes, with reddened eyes

• कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, due to anger

• चलन्मौलिः (calanmauliḥ) - having a trembling crown/head-dress

• निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - Mālyavān (night-wanderer, demon (rākṣasa))

• पद्मनाभम् (padmanābham) - to Padmanābha

• इदम् (idam) - this

• प्राह (prāha) - he said, spoke

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

संरक्तनयनः (saṁraktanayanaḥ) - having bloodshot eyes, with reddened eyes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃraktanayana

saṁraktanayana - having bloodshot eyes

Bahuvrīhi compound: saṃrakta (reddened) + nayana (eye)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃrakta+nayana)

• saṃrakta – reddened, deeply colored
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √rañj with sam- prefix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• nayana – eye, leading
  noun (neuter)
  Root: nī (class 1)

कोपात् (kopāt) - from anger, due to anger

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kopa

kopa - anger, wrath, fury

Root: kup (class 4)

चलन्मौलिः (calanmauliḥ) - having a trembling crown/head-dress

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of calanmauli

calanmauli - having a trembling crown or crest

Bahuvrīhi compound: calat (trembling, moving) + mauli (crown)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (calat+mauli)

• calat – moving, trembling, shaking
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  from root √cal (to move, tremble)
  Root: cal (class 1)
• mauli – crown, diadem, head-dress, crest
  noun (masculine)

निशाचरः (niśācaraḥ) - Mālyavān (night-wanderer, demon (rākṣasa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, rākṣasa

Compound of niśā (night) and cara (moving, wandering)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering; one who moves
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  from root √car (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

पद्मनाभम् (padmanābham) - to Padmanābha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of padmanābha

padmanābha - lotuse-navelled (an epithet of Viṣṇu, referring to Rāma/Lakṣmaṇa in context)

Bahuvrīhi compound: padma (lotus) + nābhi (navel)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (padma+nābhi)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• nābhi – navel, center
  noun (masculine)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'vacanam'

प्राह (prāha) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

3rd person singular perfect tense

from root √ah (class 2) with pra- prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, expression

from root √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, rough, cruel

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, stern

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

adverb formed from tad

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