वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-8, verse-1

हन्यमाने बले तस्मिन्पद्मनाभेन पृष्ठतः ।
माल्यवान् संनिवृत्तो ऽथ वेलातिग इवार्णवः ॥१॥

1. hanyamāne bale tasminpadmanābhena pṛṣṭhataḥ ,
mālyavān saṃnivṛtto'tha velātiga ivārṇavaḥ.

1. hanyamāne bale tasmin padmanābhena pṛṣṭhataḥ
mālyavān saṃnivṛttaḥ atha velātigaḥ iva arṇavaḥ

1. tasmin bale padmanābhena pṛṣṭhataḥ hanyamāne
atha mālyavān velātigaḥ iva arṇavaḥ saṃnivṛttaḥ

1. As that army was being assailed from behind by Padmanābha, Mālyavān then retreated, like an ocean overflowing its boundaries.

Words meanings summery:

• हन्यमाने (hanyamāne) - being struck, being killed, being assailed

• बले (bale) - in that army (in the army, on the strength)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (army) (in that, on that)

• पद्मनाभेन (padmanābhena) - by Padmanābha

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, from the back

• माल्यवान् (mālyavān) - Mālyavān (proper name)

• संनिवृत्तः (saṁnivṛttaḥ) - retreated, turned back

• अथ (atha) - then, next, now

• वेलातिगः (velātigaḥ) - one who transgresses a boundary/shore

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• अर्णवः (arṇavaḥ) - ocean, sea

Words meanings and morphology

हन्यमाने (hanyamāne) - being struck, being killed, being assailed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of hanyamāna

hanyamāna - being struck, being killed

Present Passive Participle

from root √han (to strike, kill), passive voice, Ātmanepada

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

बले (bale) - in that army (in the army, on the strength)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (army) (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

पद्मनाभेन (padmanābhena) - by Padmanābha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of padmanābha

padmanābha - lotuse-navelled (an epithet of Viṣṇu, referring to Rāma/Lakṣmaṇa in context)

Bahuvrīhi compound: padma (lotus) + nābhi (navel)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (padma+nābhi)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• nābhi – navel, center
  noun (masculine)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, from the back

(indeclinable)

adverb formed with suffix -tas

माल्यवान् (mālyavān) - Mālyavān (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mālyavat

mālyavat - having garlands; name of a Rākṣasa chief

Derived from mālyā (garland) with mat-suffix (possessive)

संनिवृत्तः (saṁnivṛttaḥ) - retreated, turned back

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛt

vṛt - to turn, exist, be

Past Passive Participle

from root √vṛt (class 1) with prefixes sam- and ni-

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

वेलातिगः (velātigaḥ) - one who transgresses a boundary/shore

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of velātiga

velātiga - one who crosses the shore/boundary

Compound of velā (shore, limit) and atiga (going beyond)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (velā+atiga)

• velā – shore, boundary, limit, time
  noun (feminine)
• atiga – going beyond, transgressing
  adjective (masculine)
  from root √gam with ati- prefix
  Prefix: ati
  Root: gam (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

अर्णवः (arṇavaḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea

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