वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-22, verse-9

स तु तं तादृशं दृष्ट्वा रथं लोकभयावहम् ।
नाक्षुभ्यत तदा रक्षो व्यथा चैवास्य नाभवत् ॥९॥

9. sa tu taṃ tādṛśaṃ dṛṣṭvā rathaṃ lokabhayāvaham ,
nākṣubhyata tadā rakṣo vyathā caivāsya nābhavat.

9. saḥ tu tam tādṛśam dṛṣṭvā ratham lokabhayāvaham na
akṣubhyata tadā rakṣaḥ vyathā ca eva asya na abhavat

9. saḥ tu rakṣaḥ tam tādṛśam lokabhayāvaham ratham dṛṣṭvā
tadā na akṣubhyata ca asya vyathā eva na abhavat

9. But upon seeing that kind of terrifying chariot, the rākṣasa (Ravana) was not disturbed then, nor did any distress affect him.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that one)

• तु (tu) - but, however, and, indeed

• तम् (tam) - that (chariot) (that, him)

• तादृशम् (tādṛśam) - such, of that kind, like that

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot, car

• लोकभयावहम् (lokabhayāvaham) - terrifying to the world/beings, causing fear to people

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अक्षुभ्यत (akṣubhyata) - was disturbed, trembled, agitated

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - Ravana (the rākṣasa king) (rākṣasa (demon))

• व्यथा (vyathā) - pain, distress, perturbation, fear

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, even

• अस्य (asya) - his (of Ravana) (his, of him)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अभवत् (abhavat) - happened, arose, existed, became

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Ravana) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, however, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (chariot) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

तादृशम् (tādṛśam) - such, of that kind, like that

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, of that sort, like that, similar

Compound of 'tad' (that) and 'dṛś' (seeing/looking).

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root dṛś by adding -tvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot, car

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

लोकभयावहम् (lokabhayāvaham) - terrifying to the world/beings, causing fear to people

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lokabhayāvaha

lokabhayāvaha - causing fear to people/worlds

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (loka+bhaya+āvaha)

• loka – world, people, realm, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread, terror
  noun (neuter)
• āvaha – bringing, causing, producing, conveying
  adjective
  Agent noun/Adjective from verb root vah-
  Derived from root vah (to carry) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

अक्षुभ्यत (akṣubhyata) - was disturbed, trembled, agitated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of kṣubh

Imperfect Middle (ātmanepada)

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, middle voice. Root kṣubh, 4th class.

Root: kṣubh (class 4)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

रक्षः (rakṣaḥ) - Ravana (the rākṣasa king) (rākṣasa (demon))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rakṣas

rakṣas - a demon, rākṣasa, a fiend, an evil being

व्यथा (vyathā) - pain, distress, perturbation, fear

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vyathā

vyathā - pain, distress, trouble, suffering, fear, perturbation

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, even

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (of Ravana) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, it

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - happened, arose, existed, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, active voice. Root bhū, 1st class.

Root: bhū (class 1)

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