वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-22, verse-7

दृष्ट्वा तु ते तं विकृतं रथं मृत्युसमन्वितम् ।
सचिवा राक्षसेन्द्रस्य सर्वलोकभयावहम् ॥७॥

7. dṛṣṭvā tu te taṃ vikṛtaṃ rathaṃ mṛtyusamanvitam ,
sacivā rākṣasendrasya sarvalokabhayāvaham.

7. dṛṣṭvā tu te tam vikṛtam ratham mṛtyusamanvitam
sacivāḥ rākṣasendrasya sarvalokabhayāvaham

7. rākṣasendrasya te sacivāḥ tu tam vikṛtam
mṛtyusamanvitam sarvalokabhayāvaham ratham dṛṣṭvā

7. When the ministers of the king of rākṣasas saw that hideous chariot, which was fraught with death and terrifying to all beings...

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• तु (tu) - but, however, and, indeed, on the other hand

• ते (te) - those (ministers) (they, those)

• तम् (tam) - that (chariot) (that, him)

• विकृतम् (vikṛtam) - hideous (referring to the chariot) (distorted, disfigured, hideous, altered)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot, car

• मृत्युसमन्वितम् (mṛtyusamanvitam) - fraught with death (referring to the chariot) (accompanied by death, connected with death, death-ridden)

• सचिवाः (sacivāḥ) - ministers, counselors, companions

• राक्षसेन्द्रस्य (rākṣasendrasya) - of Ravana (the rākṣasa king) (of the king of rākṣasas (demons))

• सर्वलोकभयावहम् (sarvalokabhayāvaham) - terrifying to all beings (referring to the chariot) (terrifying to all beings/worlds, bringing fear to all people/worlds)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root dṛś by adding -tvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, however, and, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (ministers) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - that (chariot) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

विकृतम् (vikṛtam) - hideous (referring to the chariot) (distorted, disfigured, hideous, altered)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikṛta

vikṛta - altered, changed, modified, distorted, ugly, hideous, disfigured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot, car

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

मृत्युसमन्वितम् (mṛtyusamanvitam) - fraught with death (referring to the chariot) (accompanied by death, connected with death, death-ridden)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyusamanvita

mṛtyusamanvita - accompanied by death, connected with death

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (mṛtyu+samanvita)

• mṛtyu – death, demise
  noun (masculine)
• samanvita – accompanied, joined, connected with, endowed with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root i (to go) with prefixes sam- and anu-.
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

सचिवाः (sacivāḥ) - ministers, counselors, companions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saciva

saciva - minister, companion, associate

राक्षसेन्द्रस्य (rākṣasendrasya) - of Ravana (the rākṣasa king) (of the king of rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - chief of rākṣasas, king of rākṣasas

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – a rākṣasa (demon), belonging to rākṣasas
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king (often referring to the deity Indra, but here as a suffix for 'chief')
  noun (masculine)

सर्वलोकभयावहम् (sarvalokabhayāvaham) - terrifying to all beings (referring to the chariot) (terrifying to all beings/worlds, bringing fear to all people/worlds)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarvalokabhayāvaha

sarvalokabhayāvaha - causing fear to all people/worlds

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sarva+loka+bhaya+āvaha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• loka – world, people, realm, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread, terror
  noun (neuter)
• āvaha – bringing, causing, producing, conveying
  adjective
  Agent noun/Adjective from verb root vah-
  Derived from root vah (to carry) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

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