वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-22, verse-40

किं त्विदानीं मया शक्यं कर्तुं रणगतेन हि ।
यन्मया यन्न हन्तव्यो राक्षसो वरदर्पितः ॥४०॥

40. kiṃ tvidānīṃ mayā śakyaṃ kartuṃ raṇagatena hi ,
yanmayā yanna hantavyo rākṣaso varadarpitaḥ.

40. kim tu idānīm mayā śakyam kartum raṇagatena hi
yat mayā yat na hantavyaḥ rākṣasaḥ varadarpitaḥ

40. kim tu idānīm raṇagatena mayā kartum śakyam hi
yat varadarpitaḥ rākṣasaḥ mayā na hantavyaḥ

40. But what can I, having come to battle, possibly do now? For that demon (rākṣasa), arrogant from a boon, is not to be killed by me.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what? how? why?

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present, at this time

• मया (mayā) - by me

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable of being done

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

• रणगतेन (raṇagatena) - by one who has gone to battle, by one engaged in battle

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• यत् (yat) - which, that, because, since

• मया (mayā) - by me

• यत् (yat) - which, that (often used as a repetitive emphasizing particle)

• न (na) - not, no

• हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - to be killed, should be killed

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon, ogre, evil being

• वरदर्पितः (varadarpitaḥ) - arrogant from a boon, proud due to a boon

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what? how? why?

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present, at this time

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable of being done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, capable of being done

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from the root √śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the root √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

रणगतेन (raṇagatena) - by one who has gone to battle, by one engaged in battle

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of raṇagata

raṇagata - gone to battle, engaged in war

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+gata)

• raṇa – battle, conflict, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• gata – gone, arrived, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that, because, since

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, we, us

यत् (yat) - which, that (often used as a repetitive emphasizing particle)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - to be killed, should be killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantavya

hantavya - to be killed, should be killed, deserving of death

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from the root √han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon, ogre, evil being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, ogre, a class of malevolent beings

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

वरदर्पितः (varadarpitaḥ) - arrogant from a boon, proud due to a boon

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varadarpita

varadarpita - proud by a boon, arrogant due to a blessing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vara+darpita)

• vara – boon, blessing, choice, excellent
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• darpita – made proud, arrogant, haughty
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (Causal)
  Derived from the causal of the root √dṛp (to be proud)
  Root: dṛp (class 4)

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