वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-22, verse-39

एवमुक्तस्तु धर्मात्मा प्रत्युवाच यमस्तदा ।
एष व्यावर्तितो दण्डः प्रभविष्णुर्भवान् हि नः ॥३९॥

39. evamuktastu dharmātmā pratyuvāca yamastadā ,
eṣa vyāvartito daṇḍaḥ prabhaviṣṇurbhavān hi naḥ.

39. evam uktaḥ tu dharmātmā pratyuvāca yamaḥ tadā eṣaḥ
vyāvartitaḥ daṇḍaḥ prabhaviṣṇuḥ bhavān hi naḥ

39. dharmātmā yamaḥ evam uktaḥ tu tadā pratyuvāca eṣaḥ
daṇḍaḥ vyāvartitaḥ hi bhavān naḥ prabhaviṣṇuḥ

39. Thus addressed, the righteous Yama (dharma-ātman) then replied: "This punishment has been withdrawn, for indeed, you are powerful over us."

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul, one whose nature is righteousness, virtuous person

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, spoke back

• यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (the god of death and justice)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• व्यावर्तितः (vyāvartitaḥ) - averted, withdrawn, turned away

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, rod, staff, scepter

• प्रभविष्णुः (prabhaviṣṇuḥ) - powerful, mighty, effective, capable

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• नः (naḥ) - to us, for us, our

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √vac (to speak, say)

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul, one whose nature is righteousness, virtuous person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous soul, one whose nature is righteousness, a virtuous person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, nature, ego
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, spoke back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pratyuvāca

Perfect (Liṭ)

Past tense form of √vac with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (the god of death and justice)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death and justice), restraint, control

Root: yam (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

व्यावर्तितः (vyāvartitaḥ) - averted, withdrawn, turned away

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāvartita

vyāvartita - averted, withdrawn, turned back, repelled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √vṛt (to turn) with prefixes vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, rod, staff, scepter

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - punishment, rod, staff, scepter, stick, fine

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

प्रभविष्णुः (prabhaviṣṇuḥ) - powerful, mighty, effective, capable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhaviṣṇu

prabhaviṣṇu - powerful, mighty, effective, capable, excellent

Agent noun/adjective from √bhū with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful form), Sir, Your Honor

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - to us, for us, our

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

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