वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-22, verse-22

नरकः शम्बरो वृत्रः शम्भुः कार्तस्वरो बली ।
नमुचिर्विरोचनश्चैव ताव् उभौ मधुकैटभौ ॥२२॥

22. narakaḥ śambaro vṛtraḥ śambhuḥ kārtasvaro balī ,
namucirvirocanaścaiva tāv ubhau madhukaiṭabhau.

22. narakaḥ śambaraḥ vṛtraḥ śambhuḥ kārtasvaraḥ balī
namuciḥ virocanaḥ ca eva tau ubhau madhukaiṭabhau

22. narakaḥ śambaraḥ vṛtraḥ śambhuḥ kārtasvaraḥ balī
ca eva namuciḥ virocanaḥ tau ubhau madhukaiṭabhau

22. Naraka, Śambara, Vṛtra, Śambhu, Kārtasvara, Balī; also Namuci, Virocana, and those two, Madhu and Kaiṭabha.

Words meanings summery:

• नरकः (narakaḥ) - Naraka (a demon king) (Naraka (a demon king, or hell))

• शम्बरः (śambaraḥ) - Śambara (a demon)

• वृत्रः (vṛtraḥ) - Vṛtra (a Vedic demon)

• शम्भुः (śambhuḥ) - Śambhu (a demon) (Śambhu (a name, often of Śiva, but here likely a demon))

• कार्तस्वरः (kārtasvaraḥ) - Kārtasvara (a demon) (Kārtasvara (a name, perhaps a demon))

• बली (balī) - Balī (a demon king) (Bali (a demon king); powerful)

• नमुचिः (namuciḥ) - Namuci (a demon)

• विरोचनः (virocanaḥ) - Virocana (a demon)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, certainly, only, also)

• तौ (tau) - those (those two)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• मधुकैटभौ (madhukaiṭabhau) - Madhu and Kaiṭabha

Words meanings and morphology

नरकः (narakaḥ) - Naraka (a demon king) (Naraka (a demon king, or hell))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naraka

naraka - Naraka (a demon, son of Bhūmi and Viṣṇu, later slain by Kṛṣṇa), hell, infernal region

Note: Part of a list of enemies.

शम्बरः (śambaraḥ) - Śambara (a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śambara

śambara - Śambara (a demon, enemy of Pradyumna), water

Root: śam (class 1)

वृत्रः (vṛtraḥ) - Vṛtra (a Vedic demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛtra

vṛtra - Vṛtra (a powerful demon, personification of drought, slain by Indra), an obstruction

Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, encompass).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

शम्भुः (śambhuḥ) - Śambhu (a demon) (Śambhu (a name, often of Śiva, but here likely a demon))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śambhu

śambhu - Śambhu (a name of Śiva, also a name of some demons), beneficent, bestowing happiness

Root: śam (class 1)

कार्तस्वरः (kārtasvaraḥ) - Kārtasvara (a demon) (Kārtasvara (a name, perhaps a demon))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārtasvara

kārtasvara - Kārtasvara (a proper name, possibly a demon or a being of immense power, derived from kṛta-svara 'made of excellent sound' or gold)

बली (balī) - Balī (a demon king) (Bali (a demon king); powerful)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - powerful, strong, mighty; Bali (a name of a demon king)

Derived from 'bala' (strength) with suffix -in.

नमुचिः (namuciḥ) - Namuci (a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of namuci

namuci - Namuci (a demon, slain by Indra)

विरोचनः (virocanaḥ) - Virocana (a demon)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virocana

virocana - Virocana (a demon, son of Prahlāda, father of Bali), brilliant, shining

Derived from root √ruc (to shine) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: ruc (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

एव (eva) - also (indeed, certainly, only, also)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तौ (tau) - those (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Dual pronoun.

मधुकैटभौ (madhukaiṭabhau) - Madhu and Kaiṭabha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of madhukaiṭabha

madhukaiṭabha - Madhu and Kaiṭabha (two powerful demons in Hindu mythology)

Dual form of the compound name.

Compound type : dvandva (madhu+kaiṭabha)

• madhu – Madhu (a demon), honey, sweet
  proper noun (masculine)
• kaiṭabha – Kaiṭabha (a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)

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