वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-22, verse-18

मृत्युं चतुर्भिर्विशिखैः सूतं सप्तभिरर्दयत् ।
यमं शरसहस्रेण शीघ्रं मर्मस्वताडयत् ॥१८॥

18. mṛtyuṃ caturbhirviśikhaiḥ sūtaṃ saptabhirardayat ,
yamaṃ śarasahasreṇa śīghraṃ marmasvatāḍayat.

18. mṛtyuṃ caturbhiḥ viśikhaiḥ sūtaṃ saptabhiḥ ardayat
yamaṃ śarasahasreṇa śīghraṃ marmasu atāḍayat

18. saḥ mṛtyuṃ caturbhiḥ viśikhaiḥ ardayat sūtaṃ
saptabhiḥ yamaṃ śarasahasreṇa śīghraṃ marmasu atāḍayat

18. He struck Mṛtyu (the personification of death) with four arrows, and the charioteer with seven. He then swiftly hit Yama (the god of death) in his vital spots with a thousand arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• मृत्युं (mṛtyuṁ) - Mṛtyu (the personification of death) (death, Mṛtyu (god of death))

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four (by four, with four)

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - with arrows

• सूतं (sūtaṁ) - the charioteer (charioteer)

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven (by seven, with seven)

• अर्दयत् (ardayat) - he struck (he tormented, he struck, he injured)

• यमं (yamaṁ) - Yama (the god of death) (Yama (god of death), control, restraint)

• शरसहस्रेण (śarasahasreṇa) - with a thousand arrows

• शीघ्रं (śīghraṁ) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• मर्मसु (marmasu) - in his vital spots (in the vital spots, in the vulnerable points)

• अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - he hit (he struck, he hit, he beat)

Words meanings and morphology

मृत्युं (mṛtyuṁ) - Mṛtyu (the personification of death) (death, Mṛtyu (god of death))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, demise; Mṛtyu (personification of death, a deity)

From root 'mṛ' (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'ardayat'

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - with four (by four, with four)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'viśikhaiḥ'

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, headless arrow (without a top-knot or crest)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+śikha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
• śikha – tuft of hair on the crown, crest, point
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of 'ardayat'

सूतं (sūtaṁ) - the charioteer (charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, a class of mixed caste

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of 'ardayat' (implied)

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven (by seven, with seven)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies implied 'viśikhaiḥ' or similar word.

अर्दयत् (ardayat) - he struck (he tormented, he struck, he injured)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ard

Imperfect active

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, active voice, causative form from ard (to roam, wound) or root ṛ (to go) + niC + laṅ

Root: ard (class 1)

यमं (yamaṁ) - Yama (the god of death) (Yama (god of death), control, restraint)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (god of death), restraint, control

From root 'yam' (to restrain)

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'atāḍayat'

शरसहस्रेण (śarasahasreṇa) - with a thousand arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śarasahasra

śarasahasra - a thousand arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+sahasra)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument of 'atāḍayat'

शीघ्रं (śīghraṁ) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of adjective used adverbially.

Note: Modifies 'atāḍayat'

मर्मसु (marmasu) - in his vital spots (in the vital spots, in the vulnerable points)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of marman

marman - vital spot, vulnerable point, secret, joint

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Location of action.

अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - he hit (he struck, he hit, he beat)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of tāḍ

Imperfect active

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, active voice, causative form from taḍ (to strike)

Root: taḍ (class 10)

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