वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-22, verse-16

संवर्त इव लोकानामभवद् युध्यतोस्तयोः ।
राक्षसानां च मुख्यस्य प्रेतानामीश्वरस्य च ॥१६॥

16. saṃvarta iva lokānāmabhavad yudhyatostayoḥ ,
rākṣasānāṃ ca mukhyasya pretānāmīśvarasya ca.

16. saṃvartaḥ iva lokānām abhavat yudhyatoḥ tayoḥ
rākṣasānām ca mukhyasya pretānām īśvarasya ca

16. tayoḥ yudhyatoḥ rākṣasānām ca mukhyasya pretānām
īśvarasya ca lokānām saṃvartaḥ iva abhavat

16. The conflict between those two fighting (warriors) — the chief of the rākṣasas and the lord of the departed spirits (pretas) — became like the cosmic dissolution (saṃvarta) of the worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• संवर्तः (saṁvartaḥ) - cosmic dissolution (saṃvarta) (dissolution, cosmic destruction, rolling up, catastrophe)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds (of the worlds, of the people)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became (it became, it was, it happened)

• युध्यतोः (yudhyatoḥ) - of the two fighting (warriors) (of the two fighting, of those who are fighting)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - between those two (of those two, between those two)

• राक्षसानाम् (rākṣasānām) - of the rākṣasas (of the rākṣasas (demons))

• च (ca) - and

• मुख्यस्य (mukhyasya) - of the chief (of the chief, principal, foremost)

• प्रेतानाम् (pretānām) - of the departed spirits (pretas) (of the departed spirits, of the ghosts, of the dead)

• ईश्वरस्य (īśvarasya) - of the lord (of the lord, of the master, of the ruler)

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

संवर्तः (saṁvartaḥ) - cosmic dissolution (saṃvarta) (dissolution, cosmic destruction, rolling up, catastrophe)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvarta

saṁvarta - rolling up, dissolution, destruction (especially cosmic dissolution)

From sam + vṛt (to turn, roll)

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat' (implied 'the conflict became')

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds (of the worlds, of the people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, community

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Connected with 'saṃvartaḥ' (dissolution of the worlds)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became (it became, it was, it happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect active

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Its subject is implied (the battle/conflict)

युध्यतोः (yudhyatoḥ) - of the two fighting (warriors) (of the two fighting, of those who are fighting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of yudhyat

yudhyat - fighting, engaged in battle

Present Active Participle

From root 'yudh' (to fight) + śatṛ suffix

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'tayoḥ'

तयोः (tayoḥ) - between those two (of those two, between those two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Modifies 'yudhyatoḥ' and refers to the two main combatants.

राक्षसानाम् (rākṣasānām) - of the rākṣasas (of the rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a rākṣasa, demon

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Part of 'rākṣasānām mukhyasya'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मुख्यस्य (mukhyasya) - of the chief (of the chief, principal, foremost)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mukhya

mukhya - chief, principal, foremost, excellent

Derived from 'mukha' (face, front)

Note: Qualifies an implied noun. Here, 'of the chief (among) rākṣasas'.

प्रेतानाम् (pretānām) - of the departed spirits (pretas) (of the departed spirits, of the ghosts, of the dead)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of preta

preta - departed, deceased, gone forth; a departed spirit, ghost, preta

Past Passive Participle

From pra + i (to go)

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Part of 'pretānām īśvarasya'

ईश्वरस्य (īśvarasya) - of the lord (of the lord, of the master, of the ruler)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, controller, supreme being

From root 'īś' (to rule, own) + varaṇ

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Qualifies an implied noun. Here, 'of the lord (among) pretas'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

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