वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-1, verse-21

विस्मयस्त्वेष नः सौम्य संश्रुत्येन्द्रजितं हतम् ।
अवध्यः सर्वभूतानां महामायाधरो युधि ॥२१॥

21. vismayastveṣa naḥ saumya saṃśrutyendrajitaṃ hatam ,
avadhyaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ mahāmāyādharo yudhi.

21. vismayaḥ tu eṣaḥ naḥ saumya saṃśrutya indrajitam
hatam avadhyaḥ sarvabhūtānām mahāmāyādharaḥ yudhi

21. Indeed, this is our astonishment, O gentle one, having heard that Indrajit has been slain – he who was invincible to all beings and a wielder of great illusion (māyā) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• विस्मयः (vismayaḥ) - astonishment (wonder, astonishment, surprise)

• तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (but, indeed)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (astonishment) (this, this one)

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us (our, to us, by us)

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (addressing the listener, likely Rama or Lakshmana) (O gentle one, O good one, mild)

• संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having heard (the news) (having heard, having promised)

• इन्द्रजितम् (indrajitam) - Indrajit (Indrajit (accusative))

• हतम् (hatam) - slain (killed, slain)

• अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - invincible, unable to be killed (not to be killed, invincible)

• सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - by all beings (implying 'for' or 'to' all beings, in the sense of 'invincible to') (of all beings, for all beings)

• महामायाधरः (mahāmāyādharaḥ) - wielder of great illusion (māyā)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

Words meanings and morphology

विस्मयः (vismayaḥ) - astonishment (wonder, astonishment, surprise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismaya

vismaya - wonder, astonishment, surprise, bewilderment

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (but, indeed)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (astonishment) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

नः (naḥ) - our, to us (our, to us, by us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we

Note: Enclitic form.

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (addressing the listener, likely Rama or Lakshmana) (O gentle one, O good one, mild)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, good, agreeable, son of Soma

संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having heard (the news) (having heard, having promised)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √śru (5th class) with upasarga sam, forming an absolutive with -tya suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

इन्द्रजितम् (indrajitam) - Indrajit (Indrajit (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indrajit

indrajit - conqueror of Indra (a proper noun, Ravana's son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indra+jit)

• indra – Indra (king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• jit – conquering, victorious
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Participial suffix
  Derived from root √ji (1st class).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of 'saṃśrutya' and 'hatam'.

हतम् (hatam) - slain (killed, slain)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, ruined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (2nd class).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'indrajitam'.

अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - invincible, unable to be killed (not to be killed, invincible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, inviolable, invincible

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya)

Derived from root √vadh (used as synonym of √han) with negative prefix 'a' and suffix -ya.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vadhya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vadhya – to be killed, killable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root √vadh (used as synonym of √han) with suffix -ya.
  Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Indrajit (implied).

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - by all beings (implying 'for' or 'to' all beings, in the sense of 'invincible to') (of all beings, for all beings)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun
• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bhū (1st class).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Genitive indicating the agent for the gerundive 'avadhya'.

महामायाधरः (mahāmāyādharaḥ) - wielder of great illusion (māyā)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmāyādhara

mahāmāyādhara - wielder of great illusion (māyā), possessing great magical power

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (mahāmāyā+dhara)

• mahāmāyā – great illusion (māyā), great magic
  noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearing, holding, wearing, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Suffix -ra
  Derived from root √dhṛ (1st class).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Indrajit (implied).

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

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