वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-85, verse-3

प्रक्षीणं तु बलं दृष्ट्वा वध्यमानं वलीमुखैः ।
बभूवास्य व्यथा युद्धे प्रेक्ष्य दैवविपर्ययम् ॥३॥

3. prakṣīṇaṃ tu balaṃ dṛṣṭvā vadhyamānaṃ valīmukhaiḥ ,
babhūvāsya vyathā yuddhe prekṣya daivaviparyayam.

3. prakṣīṇam tu balam dṛṣṭvā vadhyamānam valīmukhaiḥ
babhūva asya vyathā yuddhe prekṣya daiva-viparyayam

3. tu valīmukhaiḥ vadhyamānam prakṣīṇam balam dṛṣṭvā
daiva-viparyayam prekṣya asya yuddhe vyathā babhūva

3. But seeing his army greatly diminished and being slaughtered by the monkeys, distress arose in him during the battle, as he perceived the reversal of his fate.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रक्षीणम् (prakṣīṇam) - greatly diminished (completely diminished, wasted, destroyed)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• बलम् (balam) - his army (army, strength, power)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, having perceived)

• वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being slaughtered (being killed, being slaughtered)

• वलीमुखैः (valīmukhaiḥ) - by the monkeys (by monkeys, by apes)

• बभूव (babhūva) - arose (became, happened, was)

• अस्य (asya) - in him (of him, his, to him)

• व्यथा (vyathā) - distress (distress, pain, anguish, trouble)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - during the battle (in battle, in war)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - perceiving (having seen, having perceived)

• दैव-विपर्ययम् (daiva-viparyayam) - the reversal of his fate (reversal of fortune, misfortune)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रक्षीणम् (prakṣīṇam) - greatly diminished (completely diminished, wasted, destroyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prakṣīṇa

prakṣīṇa - wasted, diminished, decayed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṣi' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: kṣi (class 5)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

बलम् (balam) - his army (army, strength, power)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' with suffix '-tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being slaughtered (being killed, being slaughtered)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slain

Present Passive Participle

Formed from root 'vadh' (from han) + śānac (middle voice participle)

Root: vadh (derived from han) (class 1)

वलीमुखैः (valīmukhaiḥ) - by the monkeys (by monkeys, by apes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of valīmukha

valīmukha - monkey, ape (literally "having a wrinkled face")

Compound type : bahuvrihi (valī+mukha)

• valī – wrinkle, fold
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

बभूव (babhūva) - arose (became, happened, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

perfect tense (liṭ)

3rd person singular perfect active of 'bhū'

Root: bhū (class 1)

अस्य (asya) - in him (of him, his, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

3rd person singular masculine genitive of 'idam'

Note: Used here for possessive or dative sense.

व्यथा (vyathā) - distress (distress, pain, anguish, trouble)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vyathā

vyathā - distress, pain, trouble, fear, anguish

Root: vyath (class 1)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - during the battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (originally)

From root 'yudh' + kta

Root: yudh (class 4)

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - perceiving (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'īkṣ' with prefix 'pra' and suffix '-ya'

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

दैव-विपर्ययम् (daiva-viparyayam) - the reversal of his fate (reversal of fortune, misfortune)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daiva-viparyaya

daiva-viparyaya - reversal of fate/fortune, divine misfortune

Compound type : tatpurusha (daiva+viparyaya)

• daiva – divine, relating to fate/destiny
  adjective (neuter)
• viparyaya – reversal, inversion, misfortune
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)

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