वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-80, verse-51

सुपार्श्वो नाम मेधावी रावणं राक्षसेश्वरम् ।
निवार्यमाणं सचिवैरिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥५१॥

51. supārśvo nāma medhāvī rāvaṇaṃ rākṣaseśvaram ,
nivāryamāṇaṃ sacivairidaṃ vacanamabravīt.

51. supārśvaḥ nāma medhāvī rāvaṇam rākṣaseśvaram
nivāryamāṇam sacivaiḥ idam vacanam abravīt

51. nāma medhāvī supārśvaḥ sacivaiḥ nivāryamāṇam
rākṣaseśvaram rāvaṇam idam vacanam abravīt

51. Then Supārśva, a wise minister, addressed Rāvaṇa, the lord of the rākṣasas, who was at that moment being restrained by his other advisors, with these words.

Words meanings summery:

• सुपार्श्वः (supārśvaḥ) - Supārśva (proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - named (used to introduce a proper name) (by name, indeed)

• मेधावी (medhāvī) - wise (minister/advisor) (wise, intelligent)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

• राक्षसेश्वरम् (rākṣaseśvaram) - lord of rākṣasas

• निवार्यमाणम् (nivāryamāṇam) - being restrained, being prevented

• सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by his (other) advisors (by ministers, by companions)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - these words (in conjunction with 'idam') (word, speech)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

सुपार्श्वः (supārśvaḥ) - Supārśva (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of supārśva

supārśva - Supārśva (a proper name, often a Rākṣasa minister)

Compound of su- (good) and pārśva (side)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+pārśva)

• su – good, well, easily
  indeclinable
• pārśva – side, flank
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

नाम (nāma) - named (used to introduce a proper name) (by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

मेधावी (medhāvī) - wise (minister/advisor) (wise, intelligent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medhāvin

medhāvin - wise, intelligent, possessing memory

Derived from medhā (intellect, wisdom) + -vin

Note: Qualifies Supārśva.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Laṅkā)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

राक्षसेश्वरम् (rākṣaseśvaram) - lord of rākṣasas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣaseśvara

rākṣaseśvara - lord of rākṣasas

Tatpuruṣa compound: rākṣasa (demon) + īśvara (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+īśvara)

• rākṣasa – rākṣasa (a class of mythological beings, often demons)
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Rāvaṇa.

निवार्यमाणम् (nivāryamāṇam) - being restrained, being prevented

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivāryamāṇa

nivāryamāṇa - being restrained, being prevented, being kept back

Present Passive Participle

From ni-vṛ (to restrain), passive with -māna suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies Rāvaṇa.

सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by his (other) advisors (by ministers, by companions)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saciva

saciva - minister, companion, associate

Compound of sa- (with) and civa (perhaps from ci, to gather)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+civa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• civa – meaning debated, perhaps 'mind' or 'companion'
  noun

Note: Agent of 'nivāryamāṇam'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - these words (in conjunction with 'idam') (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, utterance

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense, Parasmaipada

Root brū (or vac), laṅ, 3rd person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

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