वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-80, verse-48

निराशा निहते पुत्रे दत्त्वा श्राद्धमचेतना ।
अग्निमारोक्ष्यते नूनमपो वापि प्रवेक्ष्यति ॥४८॥

48. nirāśā nihate putre dattvā śrāddhamacetanā ,
agnimārokṣyate nūnamapo vāpi pravekṣyati.

48. nirāśā nihate putre dattvā śrāddham acetanā
agnim ārokṣyate nūnam apaḥ vā api pravekṣyati

48. putre nihate nirāśā acetanā śrāddham dattvā (sā)
nūnam agnim ārokṣyate vā api apaḥ pravekṣyati

48. Having lost all hope after her son's death, and after performing the funeral rites (śrāddha), she, being senseless with grief, will surely ascend the funeral pyre or enter the waters.

Words meanings summery:

• निराशा (nirāśā) - having lost all hope (hopeless, despairing)

• निहते (nihate) - slain, killed

• पुत्रे (putre) - son

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, having performed

• श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - funeral rites, oblation

• अचेतना (acetanā) - senseless with grief (unconscious, senseless)

• अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

• आरोक्ष्यते (ārokṣyate) - she will ascend the funeral pyre (commit sati) (she will ascend)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly

• अपः (apaḥ) - waters

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - also, even

• प्रवेक्ष्यति (pravekṣyati) - she will enter

Words meanings and morphology

निराशा (nirāśā) - having lost all hope (hopeless, despairing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirāśā

nirāśā - hopeless, despairing; without hope

Compound of nir- (without) and āśā (hope)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āśā)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• āśā – hope, expectation, desire
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: āśiṣ (class 2)

निहते (nihate) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From ni-han + kta

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction.

पुत्रे (putre) - son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with 'nihate'.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dā with suffix -tvā

Root: dā (class 3)

श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - funeral rites, oblation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - funeral rites, oblation to ancestors; faith, belief

From śrad-dhā (śraddhā)

Note: Sanskrit term bracketed in translation.

अचेतना (acetanā) - senseless with grief (unconscious, senseless)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of acetana

acetana - unconscious, senseless, inert, dead

Compound of a- (not) and cetana (conscious)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+cetana)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• cetana – conscious, intelligent, sentient
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cit
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject.

अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire; god of fire

आरोक्ष्यते (ārokṣyate) - she will ascend the funeral pyre (commit sati) (she will ascend)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of āruh

Future Tense, Ātmanepada

From ā-ruh (to ascend)

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

अपः (apaḥ) - waters

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of ap

ap - water

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the alternative.

प्रवेक्ष्यति (pravekṣyati) - she will enter

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of praveś

Future Tense, Parasmaipada

From pra-viś (to enter)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

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