वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-80, verse-43

सो ऽयं मामनुपस्थानाद्व्यक्तं नैराश्यमागतः ।
क्रोधमोहसमाविष्टो निहन्तुं मां समुद्यतः ॥४३॥

43. so'yaṃ māmanupasthānādvyaktaṃ nairāśyamāgataḥ ,
krodhamohasamāviṣṭo nihantuṃ māṃ samudyataḥ.

43. saḥ ayam mām anupasthānāt vyaktam nairāśyam āgataḥ
krodhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ nihantum mām samudyataḥ

43. saḥ ayam mām anupasthānāt vyaktam nairāśyam āgataḥ
krodhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ mām nihantum samudyataḥ asti

43. This very Rāvaṇa, having clearly fallen into despair because of my refusal to yield, and overcome by anger and delusion (moha), is now ready to kill me.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (Rāvaṇa) (that, he)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (Rāvaṇa) (this (one))

• माम् (mām) - Sītā (me)

• अनुपस्थानात् (anupasthānāt) - from my non-submission (to him) (from not appearing, from non-submission, from not standing by)

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly (fallen into despair) (clearly, distinctly, evidently)

• नैराश्यम् (nairāśyam) - (Rāvaṇa's) despair (despair, hopelessness, despondency)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - (Rāvaṇa) having reached (despair) (having come, reached, arrived)

• क्रोधमोहसमाविष्टः (krodhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ) - (Rāvaṇa) overcome by anger and delusion (moha) (overcome by anger and delusion)

• निहन्तुम् (nihantum) - (Rāvaṇa) to kill (Sītā) (to kill, to strike)

• माम् (mām) - Sītā (me)

• समुद्यतः (samudyataḥ) - (Rāvaṇa) ready to (kill) (prepared, ready, about to, striving)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (Rāvaṇa) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Used with 'ayam' for emphasis, 'this very one'.

अयम् (ayam) - this (Rāvaṇa) (this (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Subject (Rāvaṇa).

माम् (mām) - Sītā (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of 'nihantum'.

अनुपस्थानात् (anupasthānāt) - from my non-submission (to him) (from not appearing, from non-submission, from not standing by)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of anupasthāna

anupasthāna - non-appearance, non-submission, absence

compound 'an' (not) + 'upasthāna' (approach, submission); from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes upa, an

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+upasthāna)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• upasthāna – approach, submission, presence
  noun (neuter)
  from root sthā (to stand) with prefix upa
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Denotes the cause of despair.

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly (fallen into despair) (clearly, distinctly, evidently)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

from root añj (to anoint, manifest) with prefix vi; here used adverbially

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Adverb modifying 'āgataḥ'.

नैराश्यम् (nairāśyam) - (Rāvaṇa's) despair (despair, hopelessness, despondency)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nairāśya

nairāśya - despair, hopelessness, despondency

derived from nirāśā (without hope) with suffix -ya

Note: Object of 'āgataḥ'.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - (Rāvaṇa) having reached (despair) (having come, reached, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - having come, reached, arrived

Past Passive Participle

from root gam (to go) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective here.

क्रोधमोहसमाविष्टः (krodhamohasamāviṣṭaḥ) - (Rāvaṇa) overcome by anger and delusion (moha) (overcome by anger and delusion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhamohasamāviṣṭa

krodhamohasamāviṣṭa - overcome by anger and delusion

Compound of 'krodhamoha' (anger and delusion, which is a dvandva compound) and 'samāviṣṭa' (overcome); instrumental tatpuruṣa.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+moha+samāviṣṭa)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  from root krudh (to be angry)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• moha – delusion, infatuation, bewilderment
  noun (masculine)
  from root muh (to be bewildered)
  Root: muh (class 4)
• samāviṣṭa – entered, pervaded, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root viś (to enter) with prefixes sam and ā
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ ayam'.

निहन्तुम् (nihantum) - (Rāvaṇa) to kill (Sītā) (to kill, to strike)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses purpose, 'ready to kill'.

माम् (mām) - Sītā (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of 'nihantum'.

समुद्यतः (samudyataḥ) - (Rāvaṇa) ready to (kill) (prepared, ready, about to, striving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudyata

samudyata - prepared, ready, about to, striving

Past Passive Participle

from root yam (to restrain, support) with prefixes sam and ud

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective.

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