वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-80, verse-34

रावणः पुत्रशोकेन भृशमाकुलचेतनः ।
संक्रुद्धः खड्गमादाय सहसा यत्र मैथिली ॥३४॥

34. rāvaṇaḥ putraśokena bhṛśamākulacetanaḥ ,
saṃkruddhaḥ khaḍgamādāya sahasā yatra maithilī.

34. rāvaṇaḥ putraśokena bhṛśam ākulacetanaḥ
saṃkruddhaḥ khaḍgam ādāya sahasā yatra maithilī

34. rāvaṇaḥ putraśokena bhṛśam ākulacetanaḥ
saṃkruddhaḥ sahasā khaḍgam ādāya yatra maithilī

34. Rāvaṇa, his mind greatly agitated by the grief for his son, became enraged. Suddenly, taking his sword, he rushed to where Maithilī was.

Words meanings summery:

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

• पुत्रशोकेन (putraśokena) - by the sorrow caused by the death of his son (by the grief for his son)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

• आकुलचेतनः (ākulacetanaḥ) - with his mind greatly disturbed/distraught (having an agitated mind)

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - enraged, very angry

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, abruptly (suddenly, forcibly, at once)

• यत्र (yatra) - where

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Princess of Mithilā, Sītā (Maithilī (Sītā))

Words meanings and morphology

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

Root: ru (class 2)

पुत्रशोकेन (putraśokena) - by the sorrow caused by the death of his son (by the grief for his son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putraśoka

putraśoka - grief for a son

Compound of putra (son) and śoka (grief).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+śoka)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• śoka – grief, sorrow, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of adjective bhṛśa.

आकुलचेतनः (ākulacetanaḥ) - with his mind greatly disturbed/distraught (having an agitated mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākulacetana

ākulacetana - having an agitated mind, distraught in mind

Compound: ākula (agitated) + cetana (mind, consciousness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ākula+cetana)

• ākula – agitated, confused, filled with
  adjective
  Past participle of root kul with ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kul (class 1)
• cetana – mind, consciousness, spirit
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, very angry

Past Passive Participle

PPP of krudh (to be angry) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of dā (to give) with prefix ā, implying 'to take'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, abruptly (suddenly, forcibly, at once)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental of sahas (force) used adverbially.

यत्र (yatra) - where

(indeclinable)

Locative of yad (which) used adverbially.

मैथिली (maithilī) - Princess of Mithilā, Sītā (Maithilī (Sītā))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - Princess of Mithilā, Sītā

Feminine derivative of Mithila.

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