वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-74, verse-25

अद्य ते व्यसनं प्राप्तं किमिह त्वं तु वक्ष्यसि ।
प्रवेष्टुं न त्वया शक्यो न्यग्रोधो राक्षसाधम ॥२५॥

25. adya te vyasanaṃ prāptaṃ kimiha tvaṃ tu vakṣyasi ,
praveṣṭuṃ na tvayā śakyo nyagrodho rākṣasādhama.

25. adya te vyasanam prāptam kim iha tvam tu vakṣyasi
praveṣṭum na tvayā śakyaḥ nyagrodhaḥ rākṣasādhama

25. adya te vyasanam prāptam tvam tu iha kim vakṣyasi
rākṣasādhama tvayā nyagrodhaḥ praveṣṭum na śakyaḥ

25. Today, misfortune has befallen you. What will you say in this situation? O vilest of demons, you are not capable of entering this banyan tree.

Words meanings summery:

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• ते (te) - to you, your

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, addiction

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, reached, befallen

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• इह (iha) - here, in this matter/situation

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वक्ष्यसि (vakṣyasi) - you will speak/say

• प्रवेष्टुम् (praveṣṭum) - to enter

• न (na) - not

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - capable, possible

• न्यग्रोधः (nyagrodhaḥ) - banyan tree

• राक्षसाधम (rākṣasādhama) - O lowest of demons, O vilest demon

Words meanings and morphology

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Can also be genitive, but dative fits 'misfortune reached *to* you' better.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, addiction

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, addiction, vice, separation

From vi-as (to throw, cast)

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, reached, befallen

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, acquired

Past Passive Participle

From pra-āp (to obtain, reach)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'vyasanam'.

किम् (kim) - what, why

(pronoun)

of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Note: Used interrogatively.

इह (iha) - here, in this matter/situation

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

वक्ष्यसि (vakṣyasi) - you will speak/say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future tense of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रवेष्टुम् (praveṣṭum) - to enter

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of pra-viś (to enter)

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Used with śakyaḥ (possible/capable).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Used with 'śakyaḥ' in a passive construction.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - capable, possible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable

Gerundive

Gerundive of root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'nyagrodhaḥ' implicitly as the object of 'praveṣṭum'.

न्यग्रोधः (nyagrodhaḥ) - banyan tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyagrodha

nyagrodha - banyan tree (Ficus benghalensis)

Note: The banyan tree is the place the demon cannot enter.

राक्षसाधम (rākṣasādhama) - O lowest of demons, O vilest demon

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rākṣasādhama

rākṣasādhama - lowest of demons, vilest demon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+adhama)

• rākṣasa – demon
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, vilest
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of adha (below)

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