वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-5, verse-5

न मे दुःखं प्रिया दूरे न मे दुःखं हृतेति च ।
एतदेवानुशोचामि वयो ऽस्या ह्यतिवर्तते ॥५॥

5. na me duḥkhaṃ priyā dūre na me duḥkhaṃ hṛteti ca ,
etadevānuśocāmi vayo'syā hyativartate.

5. na me duḥkham priyā dūre na me duḥkham hṛtā iti
ca etat eva anuśocāmi vayaḥ asyāḥ hi ativartate

5. me priyā dūre na duḥkham ca me hṛtā iti na duḥkham
etat eva anuśocāmi hi asyāḥ vayaḥ ativartate

5. My grief is not that my beloved (Sītā) is far away, nor that she has been abducted. I lament only this: that her youth is, indeed, passing by.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, grief, unhappiness

• प्रिया (priyā) - my beloved (Sītā) (beloved (feminine))

• दूरे (dūre) - far away, at a distance

• न (na) - not, no

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, grief, unhappiness

• हृता (hṛtā) - (Sītā) having been abducted (carried away, abducted (feminine))

• इति (iti) - thus, so, marking direct or indirect speech

• च (ca) - and

• एतत् (etat) - this

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• अनुशोचामि (anuśocāmi) - I lament, I grieve for

• वयः (vayaḥ) - (Sītā's) youth (age, youth)

• अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of Sītā (of her)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - it passes away, it passes beyond

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Dative/Genitive singular enclitic form of asmad.

Note: Refers to Rāma.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, grief, unhappiness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, unhappiness

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'is'.

प्रिया (priyā) - my beloved (Sītā) (beloved (feminine))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of priyā

priyā - beloved woman, wife, mistress

Feminine form of priya (dear, beloved).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'is far away'.

दूरे (dūre) - far away, at a distance

(indeclinable)

Locative singular used adverbially.

Note: Acts as a predicate.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Dative/Genitive singular enclitic form of asmad.

Note: Refers to Rāma.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, grief, unhappiness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, unhappiness

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'is'.

हृता (hṛtā) - (Sītā) having been abducted (carried away, abducted (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛta

hṛta - taken, carried off, stolen, abducted

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛ (to take, carry) + kta suffix.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, part of the iti clause.

इति (iti) - thus, so, marking direct or indirect speech

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Neut. Nom./Acc. singular of etad.

Note: Object of anuśocāmi.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

अनुशोचामि (anuśocāmi) - I lament, I grieve for

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Present tense, 1st person singular, active voice.

From root śuc with prefix anu-.

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second couplet.

वयः (vayaḥ) - (Sītā's) youth (age, youth)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, youth, vigor, time of life

अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of Sītā (of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, she, her

Feminine genitive singular of idam.

Note: Qualifies vayaḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - it passes away, it passes beyond

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada).

From root vṛt with prefix ati-.

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject is vayaḥ.

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